Climate Change

From 2011 to 2015, United Nations Climate Change negotiations have been conducted at Conference of the Parties on Climate Change (COP), Conference of the Parties Serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP), Subsidiary Bodies (SB) and Ad-Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP) which was established to discuss the new framework beyond 2020.

Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA) was established and added to COP, CMP and SB, and upon the completion of ADP, the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement (APA) was established and completed its work by CMA1.

(1) Conference of the Parties on Climate Change (COP)

Supreme decision-making body of the UNFCCC. All the parties participate and review the implementation of the UNFCCC and make decisions.

(2) Conference of the Parties Serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP)

All the parties of the Kyoto Protocol participate and review the implementation of the Protocol and make decisions. CMP is held once a year.

(3) Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA)

All the parties of the Paris Agreement participate and review the implementation of the Agreement and make decisions. CMA is held once a year.

(4) Subsidiary Bodies (SB)

Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) and Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI). SBSTA provides scientific and technological information and advice regarding the UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement. SBI evaluates and reviews the effective implementation of the UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement. SB are held twice a year.

(5) Ad Hoc Working Group of the Paris Agreement (APA)

APA is a subsidiary body which was established upon the adoption of the Paris Agreement for the entry into force of the Paris Agreement and for the preparation of the 1st meeting of CMA. APA discusses the guidelines for the implementation of the Paris Agreement. APA finished its function when CMA1-3 closed in December 2018.

(6) Ad-Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP)

ADP is a subsidiary body which was established to (1) discuss the framework which will be applied to all the countries from 2020 and to (2) discuss the enhancement of mitigation ambition by 2020. ADP finished its function in COP21 (end of 2015) when the Paris Agreement was adopted.

• United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)