Japan's Official Development Assistance White Paper 2010
Section 5 Formulation and Implementation of ODA Policy
The ODA Charter specifies three sets of reform measures so that the assistance can be provided more efficiently and effectively. That is, the system for formulating and implementing aid policy, increasing public participation, and matters essential for effective implementation.
1. System for Formulation and Implementation of ODA Policy
(1) Coherent Formulation of Aid Policy
In Japan, the Cabinet Office and the 12 ministries and agencies (Note 36) are involved in development assistance. The Overseas Economic Cooperation Council, established in the Cabinet in April 2006, is chaired by the Prime Minister and attended by the Chief Cabinet Secretary, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, the Minister of Finance, and the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry. To date, discussions have been held on such issues as how the Council should function, quantity and quality of ODA, country-specific (Asia, Africa, Afghanistan and Pakistan, Central Asia and Caucasus, and Oceania, etc.) and cross-sectoral (assistance for improvement of legal systems, food security, etc.) principles on overseas economic cooperation.
At the International Cooperation Planning Headquarters, established under MOFA, the International Cooperation Bureau and other bureaus including regional bureaus consult on such topics as international cooperation policy and formulating regional priority issues and objectives, and work to plan ODA in a more effective manner while continuously confirming the role of ODA within the context of overall foreign policy. In the ”ODA Review Final Report”, which was issued by MOFA in June 2010, it was stipulated that this headquarters would be actively utilized.
MOFA’s International Cooperation Bureau, set up in August 2006, comprehensively plans and drafts policies relating to assistance, while also playing a central role in coordination with the government. In July 2009, an institutional reform was conducted of the International Cooperation Bureau in order to strengthen its policy planning and drafting functions for ODA. The Aid Policy Planning Division, which oversaw ODA policy planning and drafting, and the Grant Aid and Technical Cooperation Division and Loan Aid Division, which oversaw aid schemes, were abolished and consolidated and country-based planning divisions were strengthened. These efforts have allowed for providing assistance in a unified manner through three country-based planning divisions situated under the authority of the Development Assistance Policy Coordination Division. Also, in regards to bilateral and multilateral aid, collaborations are now made on a higher level than before, while efforts are underway to strengthen the strategic quality of international cooperation and implement effective aid.
Notes:
(36) They include the Cabinet Office; National Police Agency; Financial Service Agency; Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications; Ministry of Justice; Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Ministry of Finance; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare; Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries; Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry; Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism; and the Ministry of the Environment.