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October 2009

History

Exchange between Japan and India is said to have begun in the 6th century when Buddhism was introduced to Japan. Indian culture, filtered through Buddhism, has had a great impact on Japanese culture, and this is the source of the Japanese people's sense of closeness to India.

After World War II, in 1949, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru donated two Indian elephants to the Ueno Zoo in Tokyo. This brought a ray of light into the lives of the Japanese people who still had not recovered from defeat in the war. Japan and India signed a peace treaty and established diplomatic relations on 28th April, 1952. This treaty was one of the first peace treaties Japan signed after the World War II.

Ever since the establishment of diplomatic relations, the two countries have enjoyed cordial relations. In the post World War II period, India's iron ore helped a great deal Japan's recovery from the devastation. Following Japanese Prime Minister Nobusuke Kishi's visit to India in 1957, Japan started providing yen loans to India in 1958, as the first yen loan aid extended by Japanese government. Since 1986, Japan has become India's largest aid donor, and remains so.

Recent Relations

Prime Minister Mori’s visit to India in August 2000 provided the momentum to strengthen the Japan-India relationship. Since then, annual meetings between prime ministers, including Prime Minister Koizumi’s visit to India in April 2005, Prime Minister Singh’s visit to Japan in December 2006, and Prime Minister Abe’s visit to India in August 2007, have led to the establishment of the “Strategic and Global Partnership between Japan and India” as well as the further strengthening of the bilateral relationship. Most recently, during Prime Minister Singh’s visit to Japan in October 2008, Japan and India singed the "Joint Statement on the Advancement of the Strategic and Global Partnership between Japan and India", which promotes cooperation in a wide range of fields, and the"Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation between Japan and India", which relates to security cooperation between the two countries.

Main Elements of "Joint Statement on the Advancement of the Strategic and Global Partnership between Japan and India"

  • Confirming the importance of cooperation of Japan and India that share common values and that they develop an Action Plan to advance security cooperation based on “Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation between Japan and India.”
  • Welcoming the substantive progress achieved on the Economic Partnership Agreement and recognizing the crucial role played by business and industry of both countries in intensifying trade, investment and economic relations.
  • Confirming the importance of economic cooperation such as the Dedicated Freight corridor (DFC) project and the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor Project (DMIC) and their further cooperation.
  • Confirming the promotion of bilateral cooperation in such fields as environmental protection, energy security, and climate change issues.
  • Emphasizing the importance of exchanges at the cultural, academic, and people-to-people levels, and confirming the collaboration in establishing a new Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad.
  • Reiterating the importance of strengthening their efforts towards international nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation.
  • Reaffirming their cooperation concerning the East Asia Summit, reform of the UN Security Council, combating terrorism, world economy, and WTO Doha Round.

Cooperation in Security Fields

Both countries have been conducting annual Foreign 0ffice Consultations at the Foreign Secretary level. The Security Dialogue between the two countries was set up in 2001 and five round of dialogue has been conducted since then.

High level exchange is continuing between the defense authorities. From Japan, General Massaki, Chief of Staff (September, 2005), Admiral Saito, Chief of Maritime SDF (February, 2006), General Mori, Chief of Ground SDF (March, 2006), and General Yoshida, Chief of Air SDF (April, 2006) visited India. From India, Admiral Prakash, Chief of Naval Staff, visited Japan in October, 2005. Defense Minister of India, Mr. Mukherjee, visited Japan in May, 2006, and Joint Statement was issued to promote defense exchanges. In September, 2007, Maritime SDF joined in the "Malabar 07-2" which was hosted by India.

Between the coast guards, combined exercises on anti-piracy, search & rescue etc. have been conducted every year since 2000. Heads of coast guards of both countries visit each other almost every year. The two coast guards exchanged a Memorandum on Cooperation at the occasion of commandant Ishikawa's visit to India in November, 2006.

Economic Relations

Bilateral trade is expanding in the recent years. However, the speed and scope of expansion are still limited. Joint Study Group (JSG), composed of government officials and representatives of business and academia from the two countries, held four meetings after July, 2005. JSG submitted its report to both Prime Ministers when they met in July, 2006, which includes a recommendation for launching EPA negotiations. In December, 2006, the Prime Ministers of the two countries decided to launch immediate negotiations for the conclusion of a bilateral Economic Partnership Agreement/Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement aiming to complete in substance as soon as possible in approximately two years. Eleven rounds of negotiations were held in New Delhi and Tokyo respectively as of January 2009. Japan-India Strategic Dialogue on Economic Issues which reviews the current status of bilateral economic issues discussed at Summit meetings, and undertakes coordination as necessary was first held in New Delhi in July 2007, and the Second meeting was held in Tokyo in July 2008. In August 2007, the Business Leaders' Forum was held in New Delhi on the occasion of Prime Minister Abe's visit to India, and the Second meeting was held in Tokyo in October 2008.

Japan-India Trade (US$: billion)

Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Trade from India to Japan 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.6 3.2 4.1 4.1
Trade from Japan to India 1.9 1.9 2.4 3.0 3.5 4.5 6.1
(source: Japanese government documents)

Japanese private-sector's interest in India is rising, and, currently, about 840 Japanese companies have branches in India. (The figure doubled over the last 3 years.)

Direct Investment from Japan (Yen: billion)

Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Direct Investment from Japan 18.4 18.7 14.6 15.0 29.8 59.7 178.2
(source: Japanese government documents)

Economic Assistance

  • Loan: 225.13 billion yen (FY 2007)
  • Grants: 3.97 billion yen (FY 2007)
  • Technical Cooperation: 12.31 billion yen (FY 2007)

Cultural Relations

Both governments held "Japan-India Exchange Year 2007" both in Japan and in India to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Cultural Agreement.

Number of Residents

Number of Japanese nationals residing in India: 2,821 (as of October, 2007)
Number of Indian nationals residing in Japan: 20,589 (as of December, 2007)

Bilateral Treaties and Agreements

  • Treaty of Peace (1952)
  • Agreement for Air Service (1956)
  • Cultural Agreement (1957)
  • Agreement of Commerce (1958)
  • Convention for the Avoidance of Double Taxation (1960)
  • Agreement on Cooperation in the field of Science and Technology (1985)

VIP Visits

From Japan to India

Year Name
1980 Mr. Ito, Minister for Foreign Affairs
1982 Mr. Sakurauchi, Minister for Foreign Affairs
1984 Mr. Nakasone, Prime Minister
1984 Mr. Abe, Minister for Foreign Affairs
1987 Mr. Kuranari, Foreign Minister
1990 Mr. Kaifu, Prime Minister
1990 Mr. Hashimoto, Minister for Finance
1995 Mr. Hashimoto, Minister for International Trade and Industry
1997 Mr. Ikeda, Minister for Foreign Affairs
2000 Mr. Fukaya, Minister for International Trade and Industry
2000 Mr. Mori, Prime Minister
2003 Ms. Kawaguchi, Minister for Foreign Affairs
2003 Mr. Ishiba, Minister of State for Defense
2004 Ms. Kawaguchi, Minister for Foreign Affairs
2004 Mr. Nakagawa, Minister for Economy, Trade and Industry
2004 Mr. Motegi, Minister of State for Information and Technology
2005 Mr. Tanigaki, Minister for Finance
2005 Mr. Takenaka, Minister of State for Economic and Fiscal Policy
2005 Mr. Nakagawa, Minister for Economy, Trade and Industry
2005 Mr. Koizumi, Prime Minister
2005 Mr. Aso, Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications
2006 Mr. Aso, Minister for Foreign Affairs
2006 Mr. Tanigaki, Minister for Finance
2006 Mr. Kitagawa, Minister for Land, Infrastructure and Transport
2007 Mr. Suga, Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications
2007 Mr. Aso, Minister for Foreign Affairs
2007 Mr. Amari, Minister for Economy, Trade and Industry
2007 Mr. Matsuoka, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
2007 Mr. Fuyushiba, Minister for Land, Infrastructure and Transport
2007 Mr. Amari, Minister for Economy, Trade and Industry
2007 Mr. Abe, Prime Minister
2007 Ms. Koike, Minister of Defense
2008 Mr. Nukaga, Minister of Finance
2008 Mr. Koumura, Minister for Foreign Affairs

From India to Japan

Year Name
1982 Ms. Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister
1982 Mr. Rao, Minister for External Affairs
1985 Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, Prime Minister
1986 Mr. Tiwali, Minister for External Affairs
1987 Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, Prime Minister
1987 Mr. Tiwali, Minister for External Affairs
1988 Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, Prime Minister
1988 Mr. Rao, Minister for Industry
1989 Mr. Venkataraman, President
1989 Mr. Rao, Minister for External Affairs
1990 Mr. Venkataraman, President
1990 Mr. Ajit Singh, Minister for Industry
1990 Mr. Nehru, Minister for Commerce and Tourism
1991 Mr. Sinha, Minister for Finance
1992 Mr. Rao, Prime Minister
1992 Dr. Manmohan Singh, Finance Minister
1993 Dr. Manmohan Singh, Finance Minister
1995 Mr. Mukherjee, Minister for External Affairs
1996 Mr. Chidambaram, Minister for Finance
1998 Mr. Bakht, Minister for Industry
1999 Mr. Jaswant Singh, Minister for External Affairs
2000 Mr. Fernandes, Minister for Defense
2001 Mr. Mahajan, Minister for Information Technology
2001 Mr. Vajpayee, Prime Minister
2002 Mr. Fernandes, Minister for Defense
2003 Mr. Ajit Singh, Minister for Agriculture
2005 Mr. Maran, Minister for Communication and Information Technology
2005 Mr. Nath, Minister for Commerce and Industry
2005 Mr. Aiyar, Minister for Petroleum and Natural Gas
2006 Mr. Chidambara, Minister for Finance
2006 Mr. Mukherjee, Minister for Defense
2006 Mr. Nath, Minister for Commerce and Industry
2006 Mr. Shinde, Minister for Power
2006 Mr. Raja, Minister for Environment and Forests
2006 Mr. Sibal, Minister for Science & Technology; Ocean Development
2006 Mr. Narayanan, National Security Adviser
2006 Mr. Nath, Minister for Commerce and Industry
2006 Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister
2007 Mr. Mukherjee, Minister for External Affairs
2007 Mr. Nath, Minister for Commerce and Industry
2007 Mr. Kumar, Minister of State for Industry
2007 Mr. Soni, Minister of Tourism and Culture
2007 Mr. Reddy, Minister of Urban Development
2008 Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister
2008 Mr. Nath, Minister for Commerce and Industry



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Press Secretary's Press Conference on India

Year Month Date
2007 July 12
January 26
2006 April 27
March 31
February 21, 24
January 24
2005 July 1, 14
April 8
2004 July 6
January 9, 23



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