CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA

THE CONTRACTING STATES,

RECOGNIZING THAT WILD FAUNA AND FLORA IN THEIR MANY BEAUTIFUL AND VARIED FORMS ARE AN IRREPLACEABLE PART OF THE NATURAL SYSTEMS OF THE EARTH WHICH MUST BE PROTECTED FOR THIS AND THE GENERATIONS TO COME;

CONSCIOUS OF THE EVER-GROWING VALUE OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA FROM AESTHETIC, SCIENTIFIC, CULTURAL, RECREATIONAL AND ECONOMIC POINTS OF VIEW;

RECOGNIZING THAT PEOPLES AND STATES ARE AND SHOULD BE THE BEST PROTECTORS OF THEIR OWN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA;

RECOGNIZING, IN ADDITION, THAT INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IS ESSENTIAL FOR THE PROTECTION OF CERTAIN SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA AGAINST OVER-EXPLOITATION THROUGH INTERNATIONAL TRADE;

CONVINCED OF THE URGENCY OF TAKING APPROPRIATE MEASURES TO THIS END;

HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS

FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION, UNLESS THE CONTEXT OTHERWISE REQUIRES:

(A) "SPECIES" MEANS ANY SPECIES, SUBSPECIES, OR GEOGRAPHICALLY SEPARATE POPULATION THEREOF;

(B) "SPECIMEN" MEANS:

(I) ANY ANIMAL OR PLANT, WHETHER ALIVE OR DEAD;

(II) IN THE CASE OF AN ANIMAL: FOR SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDICES I AND II, ANY READILY RECOGNIZABLE PART OR DERIVATIVE THEREOF; AND FOR SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX III, ANY READILY RECOGNIZABLE PART OR DERIVATIVE THEREOF SPECIFIED IN APPENDIX III IN RELATION TO THE SPECIES; AND

(III) IN THE CASE OF A PLANT: FOR SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I, ANY READILY RECOGNIZABLE PART OR DERIVATIVE THEREOF; AND FOR SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDICES II AND III, ANY READILY RECOGNIZABLE PART OR DERIVATIVE THEREOF SPECIFIED IN APPENDICES II AND III IN RELATION TO THE SPECIES;

(C) "TRADE" MEANS EXPORT, RE-EXPORT, IMPORT AND INTRODUCTION FROM THE SEA;

(D) "RE-EXPORT" MEANS EXPORT OF ANY SPECIMEN THAT HAS PREVIOUSLY BEEN IMPORTED;

(E) "INTRODUCTION FROM THE SEA" MEANS TRANSPORTATION INTO A STATE OF SPECIMENS OF ANY SPECIES WHICH WERE TAKEN IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT NOT UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF ANY STATE;

(F) "SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY" MEANS A NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY DESIGNATED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE IX;

(G) "MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY" MEANS A NATIONAL MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY DESIGNATED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE IX;

(H) "PARTY" MEANS A STATE FOR WHICH THE PRESENT CONVENTION HAS ENTERED INTO FORCE.

ARTICLE II FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

1. APPENDIX I SHALL INCLUDE ALL SPECIES THREATENED WITH EXTINCTION WHICH ARE OR MAY BE AFFECTED BY TRADE.  TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF THESE SPECIES MUST BE SUBJECT TO PARTICULARLY STRICT REGULATION IN ORDER NOT TO ENDANGER FURTHER THEIR SURVIVAL AND MUST ONLY BE AUTHORIZED IN EXCEPTIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES.

2. APPENDIX II SHALL INCLUDE:

(A) ALL SPECIES WHICH ALTHOUGH NOT NECESSARILY NOW THREATENED WITH EXTINCTION MAY BECOME SO UNLESS TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SUCH SPECIES IS SUBJECT TO STRICT REGULATION IN ORDER TO AVOID UTILIZATION INCOMPATIBLE WITH THEIR SURVIVAL; AND

(B) OTHER SPECIES WHICH MUST BE SUBJECT TO REGULATION IN ORDER THAT TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF CERTAIN SPECIES REFERRED TO IN SUB-PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS PARAGRAPH MAY BE BROUGHT UNDER EFFECTIVE CONTROL.

3. APPENDIX III SHALL INCLUDE ALL SPECIES WHICH ANY PARTY IDENTIFIES AS BEING SUBJECT TO REGULATION WITHIN ITS JURISDICTION FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING OR RESTRICTING EXPLOITATION, AND AS NEEDING THE COOPERATION OF OTHER PARTIES IN THE CONTROL OF TRADE.

4. THE PARTIES SHALL NOT ALLOW TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDICES I, II AND III EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION.

ARTICLE III REGULATION OF TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I

1. ALL TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE.

2. THE EXPORT OF ANY SPECIMEN OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I SHALL REQUIRE THE PRIOR GRANT AND PRESENTATION OF AN EXPORT PERMIT.  AN EXPORT PERMIT SHALL ONLY BE GRANTED WHEN THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN MET:

(A) A SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT HAS ADVISED THAT SUCH EXPORT WILL NOT BE DETRIMENTAL TO THE SURVIVAL OF THAT SPECIES;

(B) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT THE SPECIMEN WAS NOT OBTAINED IN CONTRAVENTION OF THE LAWS OF THAT STATE FOR THE PROTECTION OF FAUNA AND FLORA;

(C) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT ANY LIVING SPECIMEN WILL BE SO PREPARED AND SHIPPED AS TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF INJURY, DAMAGE TO HEALTH OR CRUEL TREATMENT; AND

(D) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT AN IMPORT PERMIT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR THE SPECIMEN.

3. THE IMPORT OF ANY SPECIMEN OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I SHALL REQUIRE THE PRIOR GRANT AND PRESENTATION OF AN IMPORT PERMIT AND EITHER AN EXPORT PERMIT OR A RE-EXPORT CERTIFICATE.  AN IMPORT PERMIT SHALL ONLY BE GRANTED WHEN THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN MET:

(A) A SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF IMPORT HAS ADVISED THAT THE IMPORT WILL BE FOR PURPOSES WHICH ARE NOT DETRIMENTAL TO THE SURVIVAL OF THE SPECIES INVOLVED;

(B) A SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF IMPORT IS SATISFIED THAT THE PROPOSED RECIPIENT OF A LIVING SPECIMEN IS SUITABLY EQUIPPED TO HOUSE AND CARE FOR IT; AND

(C) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF IMPORT IS SATISFIED THAT THE SPECIMEN IS NOT TO BE USED FOR PRIMARILY COMMERCIAL PURPOSES.

4. THE RE-EXPORT OF ANY SPECIMEN OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I SHALL REQUIRE THE PRIOR GRANT AND PRESENTATION OF A RE-EXPORT CERTIFICATE.  A RE-EXPORT CERTIFICATE SHALL ONLY BE GRANTED WHEN THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN MET:

(A) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF RE-EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT THE SPECIMEN WAS IMPORTED INTO THAT STATE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION;

(B) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF RE-EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT ANY LIVING SPECIMEN WILL BE SO PREPARED AND SHIPPED AS TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF INJURY, DAMAGE TO HEALTH OR CRUEL TREATMENT; AND

(C) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF RE-EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT AN IMPORT PERMIT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR ANY LIVING SPECIMEN.

5. THE INTRODUCTION FROM THE SEA OF ANY SPECIMEN OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I SHALL REQUIRE THE PRIOR GRANT OF A CERTIFICATE FROM A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF INTRODUCTION.  A CERTIFICATE SHALL ONLY BE GRANTED WHEN THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN MET:

(A) A SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF INTRODUCTION ADVISES THAT THE INTRODUCTION WILL NOT BE DETRIMENTAL TO THE SURVIVAL OF THE SPECIES INVOLVED;

(B) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF INTRODUCTION IS SATISFIED THAT THE PROPOSED RECIPIENT OF A LIVING SPECIMEN IS SUITABLY EQUIPPED TO HOUSE AND CARE FOR IT; AND

(C) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF INTRODUCTION IS SATISFIED THAT THE SPECIMEN IS NOT TO BE USED FOR PRIMARILY COMMERCIAL PURPOSES.

ARTICLE IV REGULATION OF TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II

1. ALL TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE.

2. THE EXPORT OF ANY SPECIMEN OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II SHALL REQUIRE THE PRIOR GRANT AND PRESENTATION OF AN EXPORT PERMIT.  AN EXPORT PERMIT SHALL ONLY BE GRANTED WHEN THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN MET:

(A) A SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT HAS ADVISED THAT SUCH EXPORT WILL NOT BE DETRIMENTAL TO THE SURVIVAL OF THAT SPECIES;

(B) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT THE SPECIMEN WAS NOT OBTAINED IN CONTRAVENTION OF THE LAWS OF THAT STATE FOR THE PROTECTION OF FAUNA AND FLORA; AND

(C) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT ANY LIVING SPECIMEN WILL BE SO PREPARED AND SHIPPED AS TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF INJURY, DAMAGE TO HEALTH OR CRUEL TREATMENT.

3. A SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY IN EACH PARTY SHALL MONITOR BOTH THE EXPORT PERMITS GRANTED BY THAT STATE FOR SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II AND THE ACTUAL EXPORTS OF SUCH SPECIMENS.  WHENEVER A SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY DETERMINES THAT THE EXPORT OF SPECIMENS OF ANY SUCH SPECIES SHOULD BE LIMITED IN ORDER TO MAINTAIN THAT SPECIES THROUGHOUT ITS RANGE AT A LEVEL CONSISTENT WITH ITS ROLE IN THE ECOSYSTEMS IN WHICH IT OCCURS AND WELL ABOVE THE LEVEL AT WHICH THAT SPECIES MIGHT BECOME ELIGIBLE FOR INCLUSION IN APPENDIX I, THE SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY SHALL ADVISE THE APPROPRIATE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF SUITABLE MEASURES TO BE TAKEN TO LIMIT THE GRANT OF EXPORT PERMITS FOR SPECIMENS OF THAT SPECIES.

4. THE IMPORT OF ANY SPECIMEN OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II SHALL REQUIRE THE PRIOR PRESENTATION OF EITHER AN EXPORT PERMIT OR A RE-EXPORT CERTIFICATE.

5. THE RE-EXPORT OF ANY SPECIMEN OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II SHALL REQUIRE THE PRIOR GRANT AND PRESENTATION OF A RE-EXPORT CERTIFICATE.  A RE-EXPORT CERTIFICATE SHALL ONLY BE GRANTED WHEN THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN MET:

(A) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF RE-EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT THE SPECIMEN WAS IMPORTED INTO THAT STATE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION; AND

(B) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF RE-EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT ANY LIVING SPECIMEN WILL BE SO PREPARED AND SHIPPED AS TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF INJURY, DAMAGE TO HEALTH OR CRUEL TREATMENT.

6. THE INTRODUCTION FROM THE SEA OF ANY SPECIMEN OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II SHALL REQUIRE THE PRIOR GRANT OF A CERTIFICATE FROM A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF INTRODUCTION.  A CERTIFICATE SHALL ONLY BE GRANTED WHEN THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN MET:

(A) A SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF INTRODUCTION ADVISES THAT THE INTRODUCTION WILL NOT BE DETRIMENTAL TO THE SURVIVAL OF THE SPECIES INVOLVED; AND

(B) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF INTRODUCTION IS SATISFIED THAT ANY LIVING SPECIMEN WILL BE SO HANDLED AS TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF INJURY, DAMAGE TO HEALTH OR CRUEL TREATMENT.

7. CERTIFICATES REFERRED TO IN PARAGRAPH 6 OF THIS ARTICLE MAY BE GRANTED ON THE ADVICE OF A SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY, IN CONSULTATION WITH OTHER NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITIES OR, WHEN APPROPRIATE, INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITIES, IN RESPECT OF PERIODS NOT EXCEEDING ONE YEAR FOR TOTAL NUMBERS OF SPECIMENS TO BE INTRODUCED IN SUCH PERIODS.

ARTICLE V REGULATION OF TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX III

1. ALL TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX III SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE.

2. THE EXPORT OF ANY SPECIMEN OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX III FROM ANY STATE WHICH HAS INCLUDED THAT SPECIES IN APPENDIX III SHALL REQUIRE THE PRIOR GRANT AND PRESENTATION OF AN EXPORT PERMIT.  AN EXPORT PERMIT SHALL ONLY BE GRANTED WHEN THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN MET:

(A) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT THE SPECIMEN WAS NOT OBTAINED IN CONTRAVENTION OF THE LAWS OF THAT STATE FOR THE PROTECTION OF FAUNA AND FLORA; AND

(B) A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT ANY LIVING SPECIMEN WILL BE SO PREPARED AND SHIPPED AS TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF INJURY, DAMAGE TO HEALTH OR CRUEL TREATMENT.

3. THE IMPORT OF ANY SPECIMEN OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX III SHALL REQUIRE, EXCEPT IN CIRCUMSTANCES TO WHICH PARAGRAPH 4 OF THIS ARTICLE APPLIES, THE PRIOR PRESENTATION OF A CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN AND, WHERE THE IMPORT IS FROM A STATE WHICH HAS INCLUDED THAT SPECIES IN APPENDIX III, AN EXPORT PERMIT.

4. IN THE CASE OF RE-EXPORT, A CERTIFICATE GRANTED BY THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF RE-EXPORT THAT THE SPECIMEN WAS PROCESSED IN THAT STATE OR IS BEING RE-EXPORTED SHALL BE ACCEPTED BY THE STATE OF IMPORT AS EVIDENCE THAT THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION HAVE BEEN COMPLIED WITH IN RESPECT OF THE SPECIMEN CONCERNED.

ARTICLE VI PERMITS AND CERTIFICATES

1. PERMITS AND CERTIFICATES GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLES III, IV, AND V SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE.

2. AN EXPORT PERMIT SHALL CONTAIN THE INFORMATION SPECIFIED IN THE MODEL SET FORTH IN APPENDIX IV, AND MAY ONLY BE USED FOR EXPORT WITHIN A PERIOD OF SIX MONTHS FROM THE DATE ON WHICH IT WAS GRANTED.

3. EACH PERMIT OR CERTIFICATE SHALL CONTAIN THE TITLE OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION, THE NAME AND ANY IDENTIFYING STAMP OF THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY GRANTING IT AND A CONTROL NUMBER ASSIGNED BY THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY.

4. ANY COPIES OF A PERMIT OR CERTIFICATE ISSUED BY A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY SHALL BE CLEARLY MARKED AS COPIES ONLY AND NO SUCH COPY MAY BE USED IN PLACE OF THE ORIGINAL, EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT ENDORSED THEREON.

5. A SEPARATE PERMIT OR CERTIFICATE SHALL BE REQUIRED FOR EACH CONSIGNMENT OF SPECIMENS.

6. A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF IMPORT OF ANY SPECIMEN SHALL CANCEL AND RETAIN THE EXPORT PERMIT OR RE-EXPORT CERTIFICATE AND ANY CORRESPONDING IMPORT PERMIT PRESENTED IN RESPECT OF THE IMPORT OF THAT SPECIMEN.

7. WHERE APPROPRIATE AND FEASIBLE A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY MAY AFFIX A MARK UPON ANY SPECIMEN TO ASSIST IN IDENTIFYING THE SPECIMEN.  FOR THESE PURPOSES "MARK" MEANS ANY INDELIBLE IMPRINT, LEAD SEAL OR OTHER SUITABLE MEANS OF IDENTIFYING A SPECIMEN, DESIGNED IN SUCH A WAY AS TO RENDER ITS IMITATION BY UNAUTHORIZED PERSONS AS DIFFICULT AS POSSIBLE.

ARTICLE VII EXEMPTIONS AND OTHER SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO TRADE

1. THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLES III, IV AND V SHALL NOT APPLY TO THE TRANSIT OR TRANS-SHIPMENT OF SPECIMENS THROUGH OR IN THE TERRITORY OF A PARTY WHILE THE SPECIMENS REMAIN IN CUSTOMS CONTROL.

2. WHERE A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT OR RE-EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT A SPECIMEN WAS ACQUIRED BEFORE THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION APPLIED TO THAT SPECIMEN, THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLES III, IV AND V SHALL NOT APPLY TO THAT SPECIMEN WHERE THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY ISSUES A CERTIFICATE TO THAT EFFECT.

3. THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLES III, IV AND V SHALL NOT APPLY TO SPECIMENS THAT ARE PERSONAL OR HOUSEHOLD EFFECTS.  THIS EXEMPTION SHALL NOT APPLY WHERE:

(A) IN THE CASE OF SPECIMENS OF A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I, THEY WERE ACQUIRED BY THE OWNER OUTSIDE HIS STATE OF USUAL RESIDENCE, AND ARE BEING IMPORTED INTO THAT STATE; OR

(B) IN THE CASE OF SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II: (I) THEY WERE ACQUIRED BY THE OWNER OUTSIDE HIS STATE OF USUAL RESIDENCE AND IN A STATE WHERE REMOVAL FROM THE WILD OCCURRED; (II) THEY ARE BEING IMPORTED INTO THE OWNER'S STATE OF USUAL RESIDENCE; AND (III) THE STATE WHERE REMOVAL FROM THE WILD OCCURRED REQUIRES THE PRIOR GRANT OF EXPORT PERMITS BEFORE ANY EXPORT OF SUCH SPECIMENS;

UNLESS A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY IS SATISFIED THAT THE SPECIMENS WERE ACQUIRED BEFORE THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION APPLIED TO SUCH SPECIMENS.

4. SPECIMENS OF AN ANIMAL SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I BRED IN CAPTIVITY FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES, OR OF A PLANT SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I ARTIFICIALLY PROPAGATED FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES, SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II.

5. WHERE A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF EXPORT IS SATISFIED THAT ANY SPECIMEN OF AN ANIMAL SPECIES WAS BRED IN CAPTIVITY OR ANY SPECIMEN OF A PLANT SPECIES WAS ARTIFICIALLY PROPAGATED, OR IS A PART OF SUCH AN ANIMAL OR PLANT OR WAS DERIVED THEREFROM, A CERTIFICATE BY THAT MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY TO THAT EFFECT SHALL BE ACCEPTED IN LIEU OF ANY OF THE PERMITS OR CERTIFICATES REQUIRED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLES III, IV OR V.

6. THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLES III, IV AND V SHALL NOT APPLY TO THE NON-COMMERCIAL LOAN, DONATION OR EXCHANGE BETWEEN SCIENTISTS OR SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS REGISTERED BY A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THEIR STATE, OF HERBARIUM SPECIMENS, OTHER PRESERVED, DRIED OR EMBEDDED MUSEUM SPECIMENS, AND LIVE PLANT MATERIAL WHICH CARRY A LABEL ISSUED OR APPROVED BY A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY.

7. A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE MAY WAIVE THE REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLES III, IV AND V AND ALLOW THE MOVEMENT WITHOUT PERMITS OR CERTIFICATES OF SPECIMENS WHICH FORM PART OF A TRAVELLING ZOO, CIRCUS, MENAGERIE, PLANT EXHIBITION OR OTHER TRAVELLING EXHIBITION PROVIDED THAT:

(A) THE EXPORTER OR IMPORTER REGISTERS FULL DETAILS OF SUCH SPECIMENS WITH THAT MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY;

(B) THE SPECIMENS ARE IN EITHER OF THE CATEGORIES SPECIFIED IN PARAGRAPHS 2 OR 5 OF THIS ARTICLE; AND

(C) THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY IS SATISFIED THAT ANY LIVING SPECIMEN WILL BE SO TRANSPORTED AND CARED FOR AS TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF INJURY, DAMAGE TO HEALTH OR CRUEL TREATMENT.

ARTICLE VIII MEASURES TO BE TAKEN BY THE PARTIES

1. THE PARTIES SHALL TAKE APPROPRIATE MEASURES TO ENFORCE THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION AND TO PROHIBIT TRADE IN SPECIMENS IN VIOLATION THEREOF.  THESE SHALL INCLUDE MEASURES:

(A) TO PENALIZE TRADE IN, OR POSSESSION OF, SUCH SPECIMENS, OR BOTH; AND

(B) TO PROVIDE FOR THE CONFISCATION OR RETURN TO THE STATE OF EXPORT OF SUCH SPECIMENS.

2. IN ADDITION TO THE MEASURES TAKEN UNDER PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS ARTICLE, A PARTY MAY, WHEN IT DEEMS IT NECESSARY, PROVIDE FOR ANY METHOD OF INTERNAL REIMBURSEMENT FOR EXPENSES INCURRED AS A RESULT OF THE CONFISCATION OF A SPECIMEN TRADED IN VIOLATION OF THE MEASURES TAKEN IN THE APPLICATION OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION.

3. AS FAR AS POSSIBLE, THE PARTIES SHALL ENSURE THAT SPECIMENS SHALL PASS THROUGH ANY FORMALITIES REQUIRED FOR TRADE WITH A MINIMUM OF DELAY.  TO FACILITATE SUCH PASSAGE, A PARTY MAY DESIGNATE PORTS OF EXIT AND PORTS OF ENTRY AT WHICH SPECIMENS MUST BE PRESENTED FOR CLEARANCE.  THE PARTIES SHALL ENSURE FURTHER THAT ALL LIVING SPECIMENS, DURING ANY PERIOD OF TRANSIT, HOLDING OR SHIPMENT, ARE PROPERLY CARED FOR SO AS TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF INJURY, DAMAGE TO HEALTH OR CRUEL TREATMENT.

4. WHERE A LIVING SPECIMEN IS CONFISCATED AS A RESULT OF MEASURES REFERRED TO IN PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS ARTICLE:

(A) THE SPECIMEN SHALL BE ENTRUSTED TO A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF CONFISCATION;

(B) THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY SHALL, AFTER CONSULTATION WITH THE STATE OF EXPORT, RETURN THE SPECIMEN TO THAT STATE AT THE EXPENSE OF THAT STATE, OR TO A RESCUE CENTRE OR SUCH OTHER PLACE AS THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY DEEMS APPROPRIATE AND CONSISTENT WITH THE PURPOSES OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION; AND

(C) THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY MAY OBTAIN THE ADVICE OF A SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY, OR MAY, WHENEVER IT CONSIDERS IT DESIRABLE, CONSULT THE SECRETARIAT IN ORDER TO FACILITATE THE DECISION UNDER SUBPARAGRAPH (B) OF THIS PARAGRAPH, INCLUDING THE CHOICE OF A RESCUE CENTRE OR OTHER PLACE.

5. A RESCUE CENTRE AS REFERRED TO IN PARAGRAPH 4 OF THIS ARTICLE MEANS AN INSTITUTION DESIGNATED BY A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY TO LOOK AFTER THE WELFARE OF LIVING SPECIMENS, PARTICULARLY THOSE THAT HAVE BEEN CONFISCATED.

6. EACH PARTY SHALL MAINTAIN RECORDS OF TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDICES I, II AND III WHICH SHALL COVER:

(A) THE NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF EXPORTERS AND IMPORTERS; AND

(B) THE NUMBER AND TYPE OF PERMITS AND CERTIFICATES GRANTED; THE STATES WITH WHICH SUCH TRADE OCCURRED; THE NUMBERS OR QUANTITIES AND TYPES OF SPECIMENS, NAMES OF SPECIES AS INCLUDED IN APPENDICES I, II AND III AND, WHERE APPLICABLE, THE SIZE AND SEX OF THE SPECIMENS IN QUESTION.

7. EACH PARTY SHALL PREPARE PERIODIC REPORTS ON ITS IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION AND SHALL TRANSMIT TO THE SECRETARIAT:

(A) AN ANNUAL REPORT CONTAINING A SUMMARY OF THE INFORMATION SPECIFIED IN SUB-PARAGRAPH (B) OF PARAGRAPH 6 OF THIS ARTICLE; AND

(B) A BIENNIAL REPORT ON LEGISLATIVE, REGULATORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE MEASURES TAKEN TO ENFORCE THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION.

8. THE INFORMATION REFERRED TO IN PARAGRAPH 7 OF THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC WHERE THIS IS NOT INCONSISTENT WITH THE LAW OF THE PARTY CONCERNED.

ARTICLE IX MANAGEMENT AND SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITIES

1. EACH PARTY SHALL DESIGNATE FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION:

(A) ONE OR MORE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITIES COMPETENT TO GRANT PERMITS OR CERTIFICATES ON BEHALF OF THAT PARTY; AND

(B) ONE OR MORE SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITIES.

2. A STATE DEPOSITING AN INSTRUMENT OF RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL OR ACCESSION SHALL AT THAT TIME INFORM THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT OF THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY AUTHORIZED TO COMMUNICATE WITH OTHER PARTIES AND WITH THE SECRETARIAT.

3. ANY CHANGES IN THE DESIGNATIONS OR AUTHORIZATIONS UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE COMMUNICATED BY THE PARTY CONCERNED TO THE SECRETARIAT FOR TRANSMISSION TO ALL OTHER PARTIES.

4. ANY MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY REFERRED TO IN PARAGRAPH 2 OF THIS ARTICLE SHALL IF SO REQUESTED BY THE SECRETARIAT OR THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF ANOTHER PARTY, COMMUNICATE TO IT IMPRESSION OF STAMPS, SEALS OR OTHER DEVICES USED TO AUTHENTICATE PERMITS OR CERTIFICATES.

ARTICLE X TRADE WITH STATES NOT PARTY TO THE CONVENTION

WHERE EXPORT OR RE-EXPORT IS TO, OR IMPORT IS FROM, A STATE NOT A PARTY TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION, COMPARABLE DOCUMENTATION ISSUED BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITIES IN THAT STATE WHICH SUBSTANTIALLY CONFORMS WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION FOR PERMITS AND CERTIFICATES MAY BE ACCEPTED IN LIEU THEREOF BY ANY PARTY.

ARTICLE XI CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES

1. THE SECRETARIAT SHALL CALL A MEETING OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES NOT LATER THAN TWO YEARS AFTER THE ENTRY INTO FORCE OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION.

2. THEREAFTER THE SECRETARIAT SHALL CONVENE REGULAR MEETINGS AT LEAST ONCE EVERY TWO YEARS, UNLESS THE CONFERENCE DECIDES OTHERWISE, AND EXTRAORDINARY MEETINGS AT ANY TIME ON THE WRITTEN REQUEST OF AT LEAST ONE-THIRD OF THE PARTIES.

3. AT MEETINGS, WHETHER REGULAR OR EXTRAORDINARY, THE PARTIES SHALL REVIEW THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION AND MAY:

(A) MAKE SUCH PROVISION AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO ENABLE THE SECRETARIAT TO CARRY OUT ITS DUTIES;

(B) CONSIDER AND ADOPT AMENDMENTS TO APPENDICES I AND II IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE XV;

(C) REVIEW THE PROGRESS MADE TOWARDS THE RESTORATION AND CONSERVATION OF THE SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDICES I, II AND III;

(D) RECEIVE AND CONSIDER ANY REPORTS PRESENTED BY THE SECRETARIAT OR BY ANY PARTY; AND

(E) WHERE APPROPRIATE, MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION.

4. AT EACH REGULAR MEETING, THE PARTIES MAY DETERMINE THE TIME AND VENUE OF THE NEXT REGULAR MEETING TO BE HELD IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF PARAGRAPH 2 OF THIS ARTICLE.

5. AT ANY MEETING, THE PARTIES MAY DETERMINE AND ADOPT RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR THE MEETING.

6. THE UNITED NATIONS, ITS SPECIALIZED AGENCIES AND THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, AS WELL AS ANY STATE NOT A PARTY TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION, MAY BE REPRESENTED AT MEETINGS OF THE CONFERENCE BY OBSERVERS, WHO SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE BUT NOT TO VOTE.

7. ANY BODY OR AGENCY TECHNICALLY QUALIFIED IN PROTECTION, CONSERVATION OR MANAGEMENT OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA, IN THE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES, WHICH HAS INFORMED THE SECRETARIAT OF ITS DESIRE TO BE REPRESENTED AT MEETINGS OF THE CONFERENCE BY OBSERVERS, SHALL BE ADMITTED UNLESS AT LEAST ONE-THIRD OF THE PARTIES PRESENT OBJECT:

(A) INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES OR BODIES, EITHER GOVERNMENTAL OR NON-GOVERNMENTAL, AND NATIONAL GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES AND BODIES; AND

(B) NATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES OR BODIES WHICH HAVE BEEN APPROVED FOR THIS PURPOSE BY THE STATE IN WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED.

ONCE ADMITTED, THESE OBSERVERS SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE BUT NOT TO VOTE.

ARTICLE XII THE SECRETARIAT

1. UPON ENTRY INTO FORCE OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION, A SECRETARIAT SHALL BE PROVIDED BY THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME.  TO THE EXTENT AND IN THE MANNER HE CONSIDERS APPROPRIATE, HE MAY BE ASSISTED BY SUITABLE INTER-GOVERNMENTAL OR NON-GOVERNMENTAL INTERNATIONAL OR NATIONAL AGENCIES AND BODIES TECHNICALLY QUALIFIED IN PROTECTION, CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA.

2. THE FUNCTIONS OF THE SECRETARIAT SHALL BE:

(A) TO ARRANGE FOR AND SERVICE MEETINGS OF THE PARTIES;

(B) TO PERFORM THE FUNCTIONS ENTRUSTED TO IT UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLES XV AND XVI OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION;

(C) TO UNDERTAKE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL STUDIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH PROGRAMMES AUTHORIZED BY THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES AS WILL CONTRIBUTE TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION, INCLUDING STUDIES CONCERNING STANDARDS FOR APPROPRIATE PREPARATION AND SHIPMENT OF LIVING SPECIMENS AND THE MEANS OF IDENTIFYING SPECIMENS;

(D) TO STUDY THE REPORTS OF PARTIES AND TO REQUEST FROM PARTIES SUCH FURTHER INFORMATION WITH RESPECT THERETO AS IT DEEMS NECESSARY TO ENSURE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION;

(E) TO INVITE THE ATTENTION OF THE PARTIES TO ANY MATTER PERTAINING TO THE AIMS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION;

(F) TO PUBLISH PERIODICALLY AND DISTRIBUTE TO THE PARTIES CURRENT EDITIONS OF APPENDICES I, II AND III TOGETHER WITH ANY INFORMATION WHICH WILL FACILITATE IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN THOSE APPENDICES.

(G) TO PREPARE ANNUAL REPORTS TO THE PARTIES ON ITS WORK AND ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION AND SUCH OTHER REPORTS AS MEETINGS OF THE PARTIES MAY REQUEST;

(H) TO MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AIMS AND PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION, INCLUDING THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION OF A SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL NATURE;

(I) TO PERFORM ANY OTHER FUNCTION AS MAY BE ENTRUSTED TO IT BY THE PARTIES.

ARTICLE XIII INTERNATIONAL MEASURES

1. WHEN THE SECRETARIAT IN THE LIGHT OF INFORMATION RECEIVED IS SATISFIED THAT ANY SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDICES I OR II IS BEING AFFECTED ADVERSELY BY TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF THAT SPECIES OR THAT THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION ARE NOT BEING EFFECTIVELY IMPLEMENTED, IT SHALL COMMUNICATE SUCH INFORMATION TO THE AUTHORIZED MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE PARTY OR PARTIES CONCERNED.

2. WHEN ANY PARTY RECEIVES A COMMUNICATION AS INDICATED IN PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS ARTICLE, IT SHALL, AS SOON AS POSSIBLE, INFORM THE SECRETARIAT OF ANY RELEVANT FACTS INSOFAR AS ITS LAWS PERMIT AND, WHERE APPROPRIATE, PROPOSE REMEDIAL ACTION.  WHERE THE PARTY CONSIDERS THAT AN INQUIRY IS DESIRABLE, SUCH INQUIRY MAY BE CARRIED OUT BY ONE OR MORE PERSONS EXPRESSLY AUTHORIZED BY THE PARTY.

3. THE INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE PARTY OR RESULTING FROM ANY INQUIRY AS SPECIFIED IN PARAGRAPH 2 OF THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE REVIEWED BY THE NEXT CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES WHICH MAY MAKE WHATEVER RECOMMENDATIONS IT DEEMS APPROPRIATE.

ARTICLE XIV EFFECT ON DEMESTIC LEGISLATION AND INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS

1. THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL IN NO WAY AFFECT THE RIGHT OF PARTIES TO ADOPT:

(A) STRICTER DOMESTIC MEASURES REGARDING THE CONDITIONS FOR TRADE, TAKING, POSSESSION OR TRANSPORT OF SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDICES I, II AND III, OR THE COMPLETE PROHIBITION THEREOF; OR

(B) DOMESTIC MEASURES RESTRICTING OR PROHIBITING TRADE, TAKING, POSSESSION, OR TRANSPORT OF SPECIES NOT INCLUDED IN APPENDICES I, II OR III.

2. THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL IN NO WAY AFFECT THE PROVISIONS OF ANY DOMESTIC MEASURES OR THE OBLIGATIONS OF PARTIES DERIVING FROM ANY TREATY, CONVENTION, OR INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT RELATING TO OTHER ASPECTS OF TRADE, TAKING, POSSESSION, OR TRANSPORT OF SPECIMENS WHICH IS IN FORCE OR SUBSEQUENTLY MAY ENTER INTO FORCE FOR ANY PARTY INCLUDING ANY MEASRE PERTAINING TO THE CUSTOMS, PUBLIC HEALTH, VETERINARY OR PLANT QUARANTINE FIELDS.

3. THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL IN NO WAY AFFECT THE PROVISIONS OF, OR THE OBLIGATIONS DERIVING FROM, ANY TREATY, CONVENTION OR INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT CONCLUDED OR WHICH MAY BE CONCLUDED BETWEEN STATES CREATING A UNION OR REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT ESTABLISHING OR MAINTAINING A COMMON EXTERNAL CUSTOMS CONTROL AND REMOVING CUSTOMS CONTROL BETWEEN THE PARTIES THERETO INSOFAR AS THEY RELATE TO TRADE AMONG THE STATES MEMBERS OF THAT UNION OR AGREEMENT.

4. A STATE PARTY TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION, WHICH IS ALSO A PARTY TO ANY OTHER TREATY, CONVENTION OR INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT WHICH IS IN FORCE AT THE TIME OF THE COMING INTO FORCE OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION AND UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF WHICH PROTECTION IS AFFORDED TO MARINE SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II, SHALL BE RELIEVED OF THE OBLIGATIONS IMPOSED ON IT UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION WITH RESPECT TO TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II THAT ARE TAKEN BY SHIPS REGISTERED IN THAT STATE AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SUCH OTHER TREATY, CONVENTION OR INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT.

5. NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLES III, IV AND V, ANY EXPORT OF A SPECIMEN TAKEN IN ACCORDANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 4 OF THIS ARTICLE SHALL ONLY REQUIRE A CERTIFICATE FROM A MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF INTRODUCTION TO THE EFFECT THAT THE SPECIMEN WAS TAKEN IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE OTHER TREATY, CONVENTION OR INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT IN QUESTION.

6. NOTHING IN THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL PREJUDICE THE CODIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE LAW OF THE SEA BY THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON THE LAW OF THE SEA CONVENED PURSUANT TO RESOLUTION 2750 C (XXV) OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE UNITED NATIONS NOR THE PRESENT OR FUTURE CLAIMS AND LEGAL VIEWS OF ANY STATE CONCERNING THE LAW OF THE SEA AND THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF COASTAL AND FLAG STATE JURISDICTION.

ARTICLE XV AMENDMENTS TO APPENDICES I AND II

1. THE FOLLOWING PROVISIONS SHALL APPLY IN RELATION TO AMENDMENTS TO APPENDICES I AND II AT MEETINGS OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES:

(A) ANY PARTY MAY PROPOSE AN AMENDMENT TO APPENDIX I OR II FOR CONSIDERATION AT THE NEXT MEETING.  THE TEXT OF THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT SHALL BE COMMUNICATED TO THE SECRETARIAT AT LEAST 150 DAYS BEFORE THE MEETING.  THE SECRETARIAT SHALL CONSULT THE OTHER PARTIES AND INTERESTED BODIES ON THE AMENDMENT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SUB-PARAGRAPHS (B) AND (C) OF PARAGRAPH 2 OF THIS ARTICLE AND SHALL COMMUNICATE THE RESPONSE TO ALL PARTIES NOT LATER THAN 30 DAYS BEFORE THE MEETING.

(B) AMENDMENTS SHALL BE ADOPTED BY A TWO-THIRDS MAJORITY OF PARTIES PRESENT AND VOTING.  FOR THESE PURPOSES "PARTIES PRESENT AND VOTING" MEANS PARTIES PRESENT AND CASTING AN AFFIRMATIVE OR NEGATIVE VOTE.  PARTIES ABSTAINING FROM VOTING SHALL NOT BE COUNTED AMONG THE TWO-THIRDS REQUIRED FOR ADOPTING AN AMENDMENT.

(C) AMENDMENTS ADOPTED AT A MEETING SHALL ENTER INTO FORCE 90 DAYS AFTER THAT MEETING FOR ALL PARTIES EXCEPT THOSE WHICH MAKE A RESERVATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 3 OF THIS ARTICLE.

2. THE FOLLOWING PROVISIONS SHALL APPLY IN RELATION TO AMENDMENTS TO APPENDICES I AND II BETWEEN MEETINGS OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES:

(A) ANY PARTY MAY PROPOSE AN AMENDMENT TO APPENDIX I OR II FOR CONSIDERATION BETWEEN MEETINGS BY THE POSTAL PROCEDURES SET FORTH IN THIS PARAGRAPH.

(B) FOR MARINE SPECIES, THE SECRETARIAT SHALL, UPON RECEIVING THE TEXT OF THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT, IMMEDIATELY COMMUNICATE IT TO THE PARTIES.  IT SHALL ALSO CONSULT INTER-GOVERNMENTAL BODIES HAVING A FUNCTION IN RELATION TO THOSE SPECIES ESPECIALLY WITH A VIEW TO OBTAINING SCIENTIFIC DATA THESE BODIES MAY BE ABLE TO PROVIDE AND TO ENSURING COORDINATION WITH ANY CONSERVATION MEASURES ENFORCED BY SUCH BODIES.  THE SECRETARIAT SHALL COMMUNICATE THE VIEWS EXPRESSED AND DATA PROVIDED BY THESE BODIES AND ITS OWN FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE PARTIES AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.

(C) FOR SPECIES OTHER THAN MARINE SPECIES, THE SECRETARIAT SHALL, UPON RECEIVING THE TEXT OF THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT, IMMEDIATELY COMMUNICATE IT TO THE PARTIES, AND, AS SOON AS POSSIBLE THEREAFTER, ITS OWN RECOMMENDATIONS.

(D) ANY PARTY MAY, WITHIN 60 DAYS OF THE DATE ON WHICH THE SECRETARIAT COMMUNICATED ITS RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE PARTIES UNDER SUB-PARAGRAPHS (B) OR (C) OF THIS PARAGRAPH, TRANSMIT TO THE SECRETARIAT ANY COMMENTS ON THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT TOGETHER WITH ANY RELEVANT SCIENTIFIC DATA AND INFORMATION.

(E) THE SECRETARIAT SHALL COMMUNICATE THE REPLIES RECEIVED TOGETHER WITH ITS OWN RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE PARTIES AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.

(F) IF NO OBJECTION TO THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT IS RECEIVED BY THE SECRETARIAT WITHIN 30 DAYS OF THE DATE THE REPLIES AND RECOMMENDATIONS WERE COMMUNICATED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF SUB-PARAGRAPH (E) OF THIS PARAGRAPH, THE AMENDMENT SHALL ENTER INTO FORCE 90 DAYS LATER FOR ALL PARTIES EXCEPT THOSE WHICH MAKE A RESERVATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 3 OF THIS ARTICLE.

(G) IF AN OBJECTION BY ANY PARTY IS RECEIVED BY THE SECRETARIAT, THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT SHALL BE SUBMITTED TO A POSTAL VOTE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SUB-PARAGRAPHS (H), (I) AND (J) OF THIS PARAGRAPH.

(H) THE SECRETARIAT SHALL NOTIFY THE PARTIES THAT NOTIFICATION OF OBJECTION HAS BEEN RECEIVED.

(I) UNLESS THE SECRETARIAT RECEIVES THE VOTES FOR, AGAINST OR IN ABSTENTION FROM AT LEAST ONE-HALF OF THE PARTIES WITHIN 60 DAYS OF THE DATE OF NOTIFICATION UNDER SUB-PARAGRAPH (H) OF THIS PARAGRAPH, THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT SHALL BE REFERRED TO THE NEXT MEETING OF THE CONFERENCE FOR FURTHER CONSIDERATION.

(J) PROVIDED THAT VOTES ARE RECEIVED FROM ONE-HALF OF THE PARTIES, THE AMENDMENT SHALL BE ADOPTED BY A TWO-THIRDS MAJORITY OF PARTIES CASTING AN AFFIRMATIVE OR NEGATIVE VOTE.

(K) THE SECRETARIAT SHALL NOTIFY ALL PARTIES OF THE RESULT OF THE VOTE.

(L) IF THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT IS ADOPTED IT SHALL ENTER INTO FORCE 90 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF THE NOTIFICATION BY THE SECRETARIAT OF ITS ACCEPTANCE FOR ALL PARTIES EXCEPT THOSE WHICH MAKE A RESERVATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 3 OF THIS ARTICLE.

3. DURING THE PERIOD OF 90 DAYS PROVIDED FOR BY SUB-PARAGRAPH (C) OF PARAGRAPH 1 OR SUB-PARAGRAPH (L) OF PARAGRAPH 2 OF THIS ARTICLE ANY PARTY MAY BY NOTIFICATION IN WRITING TO THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT MAKE A RESERVATION WITH RESPECT TO THE AMENDMENT.  UNTIL SUCH RESERVATION IS WITHDRAWN THE PARTY SHALL BE TREATED AS A STATE NOT A PARTY TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION WITH RESPECT TO TRADE IN THE SPECIES CONCERNED.

ARTICLE XVI APPENDIX III AND AMENDMENTS THERETO

1. ANY PARTY MAY AT ANY TIME SUBMIT TO THE SECRETARIAT A LIST OF SPECIES WHICH IT IDENTIFIES AS BEING SUBJECT TO REGULATION WITHIN ITS JURISDICTION FOR THE PURPOSE MENTIONED IN PARAGRAPH 3 OF ARTICLE II.  APPENDIX III SHALL INCLUDE THE NAMES OF THE PARTIES SUBMITTING THE SPECIES FOR INCLUSION THEREIN, THE SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF THE SPECIES SO SUBMITTED, AND ANY PARTS OR DERIVATIVES OF THE ANIMALS OR PLANTS CONCERNED THAT ARE SPECIFIED IN RELATION TO THE SPECIES FOR THE PURPOSES OF SUB-PARAGRAPH (B) OF ARTICLE I.

2. EACH LIST SUBMITTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE COMMUNICATED TO THE PARTIES BY THE SECRETARIAT AS SOON AS POSSIBLE AFTER RECEIVING IT.  THE LIST SHALL TAKE EFFECT AS PART OF APPENDIX III 90 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF SUCH COMMUNICATION.  AT ANY TIME AFTER THE COMMUNICATION OF SUCH LIST, ANY PARTY MAY BY NOTIFICATION IN WRITING TO THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT ENTER A RESERVATION WITH RESPECT TO ANY SPECIES OR ANY PARTS OR DERIVATIVES, AND UNTIL SUCH RESERVATION IS WITHDRAWN, THE STATE SHALL BE TREATED AS A STATE NOT A PARTY TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION WITH RESPECT TO TRADE IN THE SPECIES OR PART OR DERIVATIVE CONCERNED.

3. A PARTY WHICH HAS SUBMITTED A SPECIES FOR INCLUSION IN APPENDIX III MAY WITHDRAW IT AT ANY TIME BY NOTIFICATION TO THE SECRETARIAT WHICH SHALL COMMUNICATE THE WITHDRAWAL TO ALL PARTIES.  THE WITHDRAWAL SHALL TAKE EFFECT 30 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF SUCH COMMUNICATION.

4. ANY PARTY SUBMITTING A LIST UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS ARTICLE SHALL SUBMIT TO THE SECRETARIAT A COPY OF ALL DOMESTIC LAWS AND REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO THE PROTECTION OF SUCH SPECIES, TOGETHER WITH ANY INTERPRETATIONS WHICH THE PARTY MAY DEEM APPROPRIATE OR THE SECRETARIAT MAY REQUEST.  THE PARTY SHALL, FOR AS LONG AS THE SPECIES IN QUESTION IS INCLUDED IN APPENDIX III, SUBMIT ANY AMENDMENTS OF SUCH LAWS AND REGULATIONS OR ANY NEW INTERPRETATIONS AS THEY ARE ADOPTED.

ARTICLE XVII AMENDMENT OF THE CONVENTION

1. AN EXTRAORDINARY MEETING OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES SHALL BE CONVENED BY THE SECRETARIAT ON THE WRITTEN REQUEST OF AT LEAST ONE-THIRD OF THE PARTIES TO CONSIDER AND ADOPT AMENDMENTS TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION.  SUCH AMENDMENTS SHALL BE ADOPTED BY A TWO-THIRDS MAJORITY OF PARTIES PRESENT AND VOTING.  FOR THESE PURPOSES "PARTIES PRESENT AND VOTING" MEANS PARTIES PRESENT AND CASTING AN AFFIRMATIVE OR NEGATIVE VOTE.  PARTIES ABSTAINING FROM VOTING SHALL NOT BE COUNTED AMONG THE TWO-THIRDS REQUIRED FOR ADOPTING AN AMENDMENT.

2. THE TEXT OF ANY PROPOSED AMENDMENT SHALL BE COMMUNICATED BY THE SECRETARIAT TO ALL PARTIES AT LEAST 90 DAYS BEFORE THE MEETING.

3. AN AMENDMENT SHALL ENTER INTO FORCE FOR THE PARTIES WHICH HAVE ACCEPTED IT 60 DAYS AFTER TWO-THIRDS OF THE PARTIES HAVE DEPOSITED AN INSTRUMENT OF ACCEPTANCE OF THE AMENDMENT WITH THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT.  THEREAFTER, THE AMENDMENT SHALL ENTER INTO FORCE FOR ANY OTHER PARTY 60 DAYS AFTER THAT PARTY DEPOSITS ITS INSTRUMENT OF ACCEPTANCE OF THE AMENDMENT.

ARTICLE XVIII RESOLUTION OF DISPUTES

1. ANY DISPUTE WHICH MAY ARISE BETWEEN TWO OR MORE PARTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE INTERPRETATION OR APPLICATION OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL BE SUBJECT TO NEGOTIATION BETWEEN THE PARTIES INVOLVED IN THE DISPUTE.

2. IF THE DISPUTE CANNOT BE RESOLVED IN ACCORDANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS ARTICLE, THE PARTIES MAY, BY MUTUAL CONSENT, SUBMIT THE DISPUTE TO ARBITRATION, IN PARTICULAR THAT OF THE PERMANENT COURT OF ARBITRATION AT THE HAGUE, AND THE PARTIES SUBMITTING THE DISPUTE SHALL BE BOUND BY THE ARBITRAL DECISION.

ARTICLE XIX SIGNATURE

THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL BE OPEN FOR SIGNATURE AT WASHINGTON UNTIL 30TH APRIL 1973 AND THEREAFTER AT BERNE UNTIL 31ST DECEMBER 1974.

ARTICLE XX RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL

THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL BE SUBJECT TO RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE OR APPROVAL.  INSTRUMENTS OF RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE OR APPROVAL SHALL BE DEPOSITED WITH THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SWISS CONFEDERATION WHICH SHALL BE THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT.

ARTICLE XXI ACCESSION

THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL BE OPEN INDEFINITELY FOR ACCESSION.  INSTRUMENTS OF ACCESSION SHALL BE DEPOSITED WITH THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT.

ARTICLE XXII ENTRY INTO FORCE

1. THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL ENTER INTO FORCE 90 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF DEPOSIT OF THE TENTH INSTRUMENT OF RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL OR ACCESSION, WITH THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT.

2. FOR EACH STATE WHICH RATIFIES, ACCEPTS OR APPROVES THE PRESENT CONVENTION OR ACCEDES THERETO AFTER THE DEPOSIT OF THE TENTH INSTRUMENT OF RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL OR ACCESSION, THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL ENTER INTO FORCE 90 DAYS AFTER THE DEPOSIT BY SUCH STATE OF ITS INSTRUMENT OF RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL OR ACCESSION.

ARTICLE XXIII RESERVATIONS

1. THE PROVISIONS OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION SHALL NOT BE SUBJECT TO GENERAL RESERVATIONS.  SPECIFIC RESERVATIONS MAY BE ENTERED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE AND ARTICLES XV AND XVI.

2. ANY STATE MAY, ON DEPOSITING ITS INSTRUMENT OF RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL OR ACCESSION, ENTER A SPECIFIC RESERVATION WITH REGARD TO:

(A) ANY SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I, II OR III; OR

(B) ANY PARTS OR DERIVATIVES SPECIFIED IN RELATION TO A SPECIES INCLUDED IN APPENDIX III.

3. UNTIL A PARTY WITHDRAWS ITS RESERVATION ENTERED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE, IT SHALL BE TREATED AS A STATE NOT A PARTY TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION WITH RESPECT TO TRADE IN THE PARTICULAR SPECIES OR PARTS OR DERIVATIVES SPECIFIED IN SUCH RESERVATION.

ARTICLE XXIV DENUNCIATION

ANY PARTY MAY DENOUNCE THE PRESENT CONVENTION BY WRITTEN NOTIFICATION TO THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT AT ANY TIME.  THE DENUNCIATION SHALL TAKE EFFECT TWELVE MONTHS AFTER THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT HAS RECEIVED THE NOTIFICATION.

ARTICLE XXV DEPOSITARY

1. THE ORIGINAL OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION, IN THE CHINESE, ENGLISH, FRENCH, RUSSIAN AND SPANISH LANGUAGES, EACH VERSION BEING EQUALLY AUTHENTIC, SHALL BE DEPOSITED WITH THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT, WHICH SHALL TRANSMIT CERTIFIED COPIES THEREOF TO ALL STATES THAT HAVE SIGNED IT OR DEPOSITED INSTRUMENTS OF ACCESSION TO IT.

2. THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT SHALL INFORM ALL SIGNATORY AND ACCEDING STATES AND THE SECRETARIAT OF SIGNATURES, DEPOSIT OF INSTRUMENTS OF RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL OR ACCESSION, ENTRY INTO FORCE OF THE PRESENT CONVENTION, AMENDMENTS THERETO, ENTRY AND WITHDRAWAL OF RESERVATIONS AND NOTIFICATIONS OF DENUNCIATION.

3. AS SOON AS THE PRESENT CONVENTION ENTERS INTO FORCE, A CERTIFIED COPY THEREOF SHALL BE TRANSMITTED BY THE DEPOSITARY GOVERNMENT TO THE SECRETARIAT OF THE UNITED NATIONS FOR REGISTRATION AND PUBLICATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 102 OF THE CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF THE UNDERSIGNED PLENIPOTENTIARIES, BEING DULY AUTHORIZED TO THAT EFFECT, HAVE SIGNED THE PRESENT CONVENTION.

DONE AT WASHINGTON THIS THIRD DAY OF MARCH, ONE THOUSAND NINE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-THREE.

APPENDICES I AND II

INTERPRETATION:

1. SPECIES INCLUDED IN THESE APPENDICES ARE REFERRED TO: A) BY THE NAME OF THE SPECIES; OR B) AS BEING ALL OF THE SPECIES INCLUDED IN A HIGHER TAXON OR DESIGNATED PART THEREOF.

2. THE ABBREVIATION "SPP." IS USED TO DENOTE ALL SPECIES OF A HIGHER TAXON.

3. OTHER REFERENCES TO TAXA HIGHER THAN SPECIES ARE FOR THE PURPOSES OF INFORMATION OR CLASSIFICATION ONLY.

4. THE ABBREVIATION "P.E." IS USED TO DENOTE SPECIES WHICH ARE POSSIBLY EXTINCT.

5. AN ASTERISK (*) PLACED AGAINST THE NAME OF A SPECIES OR HIGHER TAXON INDICATES THAT ONE OR MORE GEOGRAPHICALLY SEPARATE POPULATIONS, SUBSPECIES OR SPECIES OF THAT SPECIES OR TAXON ARE INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I AND THAT THESE POPULATIONS, SUBSPECIES OR SPECIES ARE EXCLUDED FROM APPENDIX II.

6. TWO ASTERISKS (**) PLACED AGAINST THE NAME OF A SPECIES OR HIGHER TAXON INDICATE THAT ONE OR MORE GEOGRAPHICALLY SEPARATE POPULATIONS, SUBSPECIES OR SPECIES OF THAT SPECIES OR TAXON ARE INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II AND THAT THESE POPULATIONS, SUBSPECIES OR SPECIES ARE EXCLUDED FROM APPENDIX I.

7. THE SYMBOL (+) FOLLOWED BY A NUMBER PLACED AGAINST THE NAME OF A SPECIES OR HIGHER TAXON DENOTES THAT ONLY DESIGNATED GEOGRAPHICALLY SEPARATE POPULATIONS, SUBSPECIES OR SPECIES OF THAT SPECIES OR TAXON ARE INCLUDED IN THE APPENDIX CONCERNED, AS FOLLOWS:

+201 POPULATION OF SOUTH AMERICA

+202 (A) NORTH PACIFIC STOCK

     (B) STOCK IN AREA FROM 0 DEGREE LONGITUDE TO 70 DEGREES EAST LONGITUDE, FROM THE EQUATOR TO THE ANTARCTIC CONTINENT

+203 POPULATIONS OF BHUTAN, INDIA, NEPAL AND PAKISTAN

+204 ITALIAN POPULATION

+205 ALL NORTH AMERICAN SUBSPECIES

+206 ASIAN POPULATION

+207 INDIAN POPULATION

+208 AUSTRALIAN POPULATION

+209 HIMALAYAN POPULATION

+210 POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

+211 ALL NEW ZEALAND SPECIES

+212 POPULATION OF CHILE

+213 ALL SPECIES OF THE FAMILY IN THE AMERICAS

+214 AUSTRALIAN POPULATIONS

8. THE SYMBOL (-) FOLLOWED BY A NUMBER PLACED AGAINST THE NAME OF A SPECIES OR HIGHER TAXON DENOTES THAT DESIGNATED GEOGRAPHICALLY SEPARATE POPULATIONS, SUBSPECIES, SPECIES, GROUPS OF SPECIES OR FAMILIES OF THAT SPECIES OR TAXON ARE EXCLUDED FROM THE APPENDIX CONCERNED, AS FOLLOWS:

-101 (A) STOCK IN NORTH ATLANTIC OFF ICELAND

     (B) STOCK IN NORTH ATLANTIC OFF NEWFOUNDLAND

     (C) STOCK IN AREA FROM 40 DEGREES SOUTH LATITUDE TO ANTARCTIC CONTINENT, FROM 120 DEGREES WEST LONGITUDE TO 60 DEGREES WEST LONGITUDE

-102 POPULATIONS OF BHUTAN, INDIA, NEPAL AND PAKISTAN

-103 PANTHERA TIGRIS ALTAICA (=AMURENSIS)

-104 AUSTRALIAN POPULATION

-105 CATHARTIDAE

-106 POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

-107 AUSTRALIAN POPULATION

-108 POPULATION OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA

-109 POPULATION OF CHILE

-110 ALL SPECIES WHICH ARE NOT SUCCULENT.

9. ANY PLANT, WHETHER ALIVE OR DEAD, AS WELL AS ANY READILY RECOGNIZABLE PART OR DERIVATIVE OF A PLANT OF A SPECIES OR HIGHER TAXON INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II ARE COVERED BY THE PROVISIONS OF THE CONVENTION, UNLESS THE SYMBOL (>) FOLLOWED BY A NUMBER IS PLACED AGAINST THE NAME OF THAT SPECIES OR TAXON.  IN SUCH A CASE, ONLY THE PLANT, WHETHER ALIVE OR DEAD, AND THE PARTS OR DERIVATIVES DESIGNATED AS FOLLOWS ARE CONCERNED:

>1 DESIGNATES ROOTS

>2 DESIGNATES TIMBER

>3 DESIGNATES TRUNKS

   APPENDICES I  APPENDICES II

FAUNA

MAMMALIA

MONOTREMATA

TACHYGLOSSIDAE (APD2)ZAGLOSSUS SPP.

MARSUPIALIA

MACROPODIDAE (APD1)BETTONGIA SPP.  CALOPRYMNUS CAMPESTRIS P.E. LAGORCHESTES HIRSUTUS LAGOSTROPHUS FASCIATUS ONYCHOGALEA FRENATA ONYCHOGALEA LUNATA (APD2)DENDROLAGUS BENNETTIANUS DENDROLAGUS LUMHOLTZI DENDROLAGUS INUSTUS DENDROLAGUS URSINUS

PHALANGERIDAE (APD2)PHALANGER MACULATUS PHALANGER ORIENTALIS

BURRAMYIDAE (APD2)BURRAMYS PARVUS

VOMBATIDAE (APD1)LASIORHINUS KREFFTII

PERAMELIDAE (APD1)CHAEROPUS ECAUDATUS P.E. MACROTIS LAGOTIS MACROTIS LEUCURA PERAMELES BOUGAINVILLE

DASYURIDAE (APD1)SMINTHOPSIS LONGICAUDATA SMINTHOPSIS PSAMMOPHILA

THYLACINIDAE (APD1)THYLACINUS CYNOCEPHALUS P.E.

INSECTIVORA

ERINACEIDAE (APD2)ERINACEUS FRONTALIS

PRIMATES (APD2)PRIMATES SPP. *

LEMURIDAE (APD1)ALLOCEBUS SPP. CHEIROGALEUS SPP. HAPALEMUR SPP. LEMUR SPP. LEPILEMUR SPP. MICROCEBUS SPP. PHANER SPP.

INDRIIDAE (APD1)AVAHI SPP. INDRI SPP. PROPITHECUS SPP.

DAUBENTONIIDAE (APD1)DAUBENTONIA MADAGASCARIENSIS

CALLITHRICIDAE (APD1)CALLIMICO GOELDII CALLITHRIX AURITA CALLITHRIX FLAVICEPS LEONTOPITHECUS (LEONTIDEUS) SPP. SAGUINUS BICOLOR SAGUINUS LEUCOPUS SAGUINUS OEDIPUS

CEBIDAE (APD1)ALOUATTA PALLIATA (VILLOSA) ATELES GEOFFROYI FRONTATUS ATELES GEOFFROYI PANAMENSIS BRACHYTELES ARACHNOIDES CACAJAO SPP. CHIROPOTES ALBINASUS SAIMIRI OERSTEDII

CERCOPITHECIDAE (APD1)CERCOCEBUS GALERITUS GALERITUS COLOBUS BADIUS KIRKII COLOBUS BADIUS RUFOMITRATUS MACACA SILENUS NASALIS LARVATUS PRESBYTIS ENTELLUS PRESBYTIS GEEI PRESBYTIS PILEATUS PRESBYTIS POTENZIANI PYGATHRIX NEMAEUS SIMIAS CONCOLOR

HYLOBATIDAE (APD1)HYLOBATES SPP. SYMPHALANGUS SYNDACTYLUS

PONGIDAE (APD1)PONGIDAE SPP.

EDENTATA

MYRMECOPHAGIDAE (APD2)MYRMECOPHAGA TRIDACTYLA TAMANDUA TETRADACTYLA CHAPADENSIS

BRADYPODIDAE (APD2)BRADYPUS BOLIVIENSIS

DASYPODIDAE (APD1)PRIODONTES GIGANTEUS (=MAXIMUS)

PHOLIDOTA

MANIDAE (APD1)MANIS TEMMINCKI (APD2)MANIS CRASSICAUDATA MANIS JAVANICA MANIS PENTADACTYLA

LAGOMORPHA

LEPORIDAE (APD1)CAPROLAGUS HISPIDUS ROMEROLAGUS DIAZI (APD2)NESOLAGUS NETSCHERI

RODENTIA

SCIURIDAE (APD1)CYNOMYS MEXICANUS (APD2)LARISCUS HOSEI RATUFA SPP.

HETEROMYIDAE (APD2)DIPODOMYS PHILLIPSII PHILLIPSII

MURIDAE (APD1)LEPORILLUS CONDITOR PSEUDOMYS FUMEUS PSEUDOMYS PRAECONIS XEROMYS MYOIDES ZYZOMYS PEDUNCULATUS (APD2)NOTOMYS SPP. PSEUDOMYS SHORTRIDGEI

CHINCHILLIDAE (APD1)CHINCHILLA SPP. +201

CETACEA (APD2)CETACEA SPP. *

PLATANISTIDAE (APD1)LIPOTES VEXILLIFER PLATANISTA GANGETICA PLATANISTA MINOR

DELPHINIDAE (APD1)SOTALIA SPP. SOUSA SPP.

PHOCAENIDAE (APD1)NEOPHOCAENA PHOCAENOIDES PHOCOENA SINUS

ESCHRICHTIDAE (APD1)ESCHRICHTIUS ROBUSTUS (GLAUCUS)

BALAENOPTERIDAE (APD1)BALAENOPTERA BOREALIS ** +202 BALAENOPTERA MUSCULUS BALAENOPTERA PHYSALUS ** -101 MEGAPTERA NOVAEANGLIAE

BALAENIDAE (APD1)BALAENA MYSTICETUS EUBALAENA SPP.

CARNIVORA

CANIDAE (APD1)CANIS LUPUS ** +203 SPEOTHOS VENATICUS VULPES VELOX HEBES (APD2)CANIS LUPUS * -102 CHRYSOCYON BRACHYURUS CUON ALPINUS DUSICYON CULPAEUS DUSICYON FULVIPES DUSICYON GRISEUS VULPES CANA

URSIDAE (APD1)HELARCTOS MALAYANUS SELENARCTOS THIBETANUS TREMARCTOS ORNATUS URSUS ARCTOS ** +204 URSUS ARCTOS ISABELLINUS URSUS ARCTOS NELSONI URSUS ARCTOS PRUINOSUS (APD2)URSUS ARCTOS * +205 URSUS (THALARCTOS) MARITIMUS

PROCYONIDAE (APD2)AILURUS FULGENS

MUSTELIDAE (APD1)AONYX MICRODON ENHYDRA LUTRIS NEREIS LUTRA FELINA LUTRA LONGICAUDIS (PLATENSIS/ ANNECTENS) LUTRA LUTRA LUTRA PROVOCAX MUSTELA NIGRIPES PTERONURA BRASILIENSIS (APD2)CONEPATUS HUMBOLDTI LUTRINAE SPP. *

VIVERRIDAE (APD1)PRIONODON PARDICOLOR (APD2)CRYPTOPROCTA FEROX CYNOGALE BENNETTI EUPLERES GOUDOTII EUPLERES MAJOR FOSSA FOSSA HEMIGALUS DERBYANUS PRIONODON LINSANG

HYAENIDAE (APD1)HYAENA BRUNNEA

FELIDAE (APD1)ACINONYX JUBATUS FELIS BENGALENSIS BENGALENSIS FELIS CARACAL ** +206 FELIS CONCOLOR CORYI FELIS CONCOLOR COSTARICENSIS FELIS CONCOLOR COUGAR FELIS JACOBITA FELIS MARMORATA FELIS NIGRIPES FELIS PARDALIS MEARNSI FELIS PARDALIS MITIS FELIS PLANICEPS FELIS RUBIGINOSA ** +207 FELIS (LYNX) RUFA ESCUINAPAE FELIS TEMMINCKI FELIS TIGRINA ONCILLA FELIS WIEDII NICARAGUAE FELIS WIEDII SALVINIA FELIS YAGOUAROUNDI CACOMITLI FELIS YAGOUAROUNDI FOSSATA FELIS YAGOUAROUNDI PANAMENSIS FELIS YAGOUAROUNDI TOLTECA NEOFELIS NEBULOSA PANTHERA LEO PERSICA PANTHERA ONCA PANTHERA PARDUS PANTHERA TIGRIS ** -103 PANTHERA UNCIA (APD2)FELIDAE SPP. *

PINNIPEDIA

OTARIIDAE (APD1)ARCTOCEPHALUS TOWNSENDI (APD2)ARCTOCEPHALUS SPP. *

PHOCIDAE (APD1)MONACHUS SPP. (APD2)MIROUNGA ANGUSTIROSTRIS MIROUNGA LEONINA

TUBULIDENTATA

ORYCTEROPODIDAE (APD2)ORYCTEROPUS AFER

PROBOSCIDEA

ELEPNANTIDAE (APD1)ELEPHAS MAXIMUS (APD2)LOXODONTA AFRICANA

SIRENIA

DUGONGIDAE (APD1)DUGONG DUGON ** -104 (APD2)DUGONG DUGON * +208

TRICHECHIDAE (APD1)TRICHECHUS INUNGUIS TRICHECHUS MANATUS (APD2)TRICHECHUS SENEGALENSIS

PERISSODACTYLA

EQUIDAE (APD1)EQUUS GREVYI EQUUS HEMIONUS HEMIONUS EQUUS HEMIONUS KHUR EQUUS PRZEWALSKII EQUUS ZEBRA ZEBRA (APD2)EQUUS HEMIONUS * EQUUS ZEBRA HARTMANNAE

TAPIRIDAE (APD1)TAPIRUS BAIRDII TAPIRUS INDICUS TAPIRUS PINCHAQUE (APD2)TAPIRUS TERRESTRIS

RHINOCEROTIDAE (APD1)RHINOCEROTIDAE SPP.

ARTIODACTYLA

SUIDAE (APD1)BABYROUSA BABYRUSSA SUS SALVANIUS

HIPPOPOTAMIDAE (APD2)CHOEROPSIS LIBERIENSIS

CAMELIDAE (APD1)VICUGNA VICUGNA (APD2)LAMA GUANICOE

CERVIDAE (APD1)AXIS (HYELAPHUS) CALAMIANENSIS AXIS (HYELAPHUS) KUHLI AXIS (HYELAPHUS) PORCINUS ANNAMITICUS BLASTOCERUS DICHOTOMUS CERVUS DUVAUCELI CERVUS ELAPHUS HANGLU CERVUS ELDI DAMA MESOPOTAMICA HIPPOCAMELUS ANTISENSIS HIPPOCAMELUS BISULCUS MOSCHUS MOSCHIFERUS ** +209 OZOTOCEROS BEZOARTICUS PUDU PUDU (APD2)CERVUS ELAPHUS BACTRIANUS MOSCHUS SPP. * PUDU MEPHISTOPHILES

ANTILOCAPRIDAE (APD1)ANTILOCAPRA AMERICANA PENINSULARIS ANTILOCAPRA AMERICANA SONORIENSIS (APD2)ANTILOCAPRA AMERICANA MEXICANA

BOVIDAE (APD1)BISON BISON ATHABASCAE BOS GAURUS BOS (GRUNNIENS) MUTUS BUBALUS (ANOA) DEPRESSICORNIS BUBALUS (ANOA) MINDORENSIS BUBALUS (ANOA) QUARLESI CAPRA FALCONERI CHILTANENSIS CAPRA FALCONERI JERDONI CAPRA FALCONERI MEGACEROS CAPRICORNIS SUMATRAENSIS DAMALISCUS DORCAS DORCAS HIPPOTRAGUS NIGER VARIANI NEMORHAEDUS GORAL NOVIBOS (BOS) SAUVELI ORYX LEUCORYX OVIS AMMON HODGSONI OVIS ORIENTALIS OPHION OVIS VIGNEI PANTHOLOPS HODGSONI RUPICAPRA RUPICAPRA ORNATA (APD2)ADDAX NASOMACULATUS CAPRA FALCONERI * CEPHALOPHUS MONTICOLA KOBUS LECHE ORYX (TAO) DAMMAH OVIS AMMON * OVIS CANADENSIS

AVES

RHEIFORMES

RHEIDAE (APD1)PTEROCNEMIA PENNATA (APD2)RHEA AMERICANA ALBESCENS

TINAMIFORMES

TINAMIDAE (APD1)TINAMUS SOLITARIUS (APD2)RHYNCHOTUS RUFESCENS MACULICOLLIS RHYNCHOTUS RUFESCENS PALLESCENS RHYNCHOTUS RUFESCENS RUFESCENS

SPHENISCIFORMES

SPHENISCIDAE (APD2)SPHENISCUS DEMERSUS

PODICIPEDIFORMES

PODICIPEDIDAE (APD1)PODILYMBUS GIGAS

PROCELLARIIFORMES

DIOMEDEIDAE (APD1)DIOMEDEA ALBATRUS

PELECANIFORMES

PELECANIDAE (APD2)PELECANUS CRISPUS

SULIDAE (APD1)SULA ABBOTTI

FREGATIDAE (APD1)FREGATA ANDREWSI

CICONIIFORMES

CICONIIDAE (APD1)CICONIA CICONIA BOYCIANA (APD2)CICONIA NIGRA

THRESKIORNITHIDAE (APD1)GERONTICUS EREMITA NIPPONIA NIPPON (APD2)GERONTICUS CALVUS PLATALEA LEUCORODIA

PHOENICOPTERIDAE (APD2)PHOENICOPARRUS ANDINUS PHOENICOPARRUS JAMESI PHOENICOPTERUS RUBER CHILENSIS PHOENICOPTERUS RUBER RUBER

ANSERIFORMES

ANATIDAE (APD1)ANAS AUCKLANDICA NESIOTIS ANAS LAYSANENSIS ANAS OUSTALETI BRANTA CANADENSIS LEUCOPAREIA BRANTA SANDVICENSIS CAIRINA SCUTULATA RHODONESSA CARYOPHYLLACEA (APD2)ANAS AUCKLANDICA AUCKLANDICA ANAS AUCKLANDICA CHLOROTIS ANAS BERNIERI ANSER ALBIFRONS GAMBELLI BRANTA TUFICOLLIS COSCOROBA COSCOROBA CYGNUS BEWICKII JANKOWSKII CYGNUS MELANCORYPHUS DENDROCYGNA ARBOREA SARKIDIORNIS MELANOTOS

FALCONIFORMES (APD2)FALCONIFORMES SPP. * -105

CATHARTIDAE (APD1)GYMNOGYPS CALIFORNIANUS VULTUR GRYPHUS

ACCIPITRIDAE (APD1)AGUILA HELIACA CHONDROHIERAX WILSONII HALIAEETUS ALBICILLA HALIAEETUS LEUCOCEPHALUS HARPIA HARPYJA PITHECOPHAGA JEFFERYI

FALCONIDAE (APD1)FALCO ARAEA FALCO NEWTONI ALDABRANUS FALCO PEREGRINUS (PELEGRINOIDES/ BABYLONICUS) FALCO PUNCTATUS FALCO RUSTICOLUS

GALLIFORMES

MEGAPODIIDAE (APD1)MACROCEPHALON MALEO (APD2)MEGAPODIUS FREYCINET ABBOTTI MEGAPODIUS FREYCINET NICOBARIENSIS

CRACIDAE (APD1)CRAX BLUMENBACHII MITU MITU MITU OREOPHASIS DERBIANUS PIPILE JACUTINGA PIPILE PIPILE PIPILE

TETRAONIDAE (APD1)TYMPANUCHUS CUPIDO ATTWATERI (APD2)LYRURUS MLOKOSIEWICZI

PHASIANIDAE (APD1)CATREUS WALLICHII COLINUS VIRGINIANUS RIDGWAYI CROSSOPTILON CROSSOPTILON CROSSOPTILON MANTCHURICUM LOPHOPHORUS IMPEJANUS LOPHOPHORUS LHUYSII LOPHOPHORUS SCLATERI LOPHURA EDWARDSI LOPHURA IMPERIALIS LOPHURA SWINHOII POLYPLECTRON EMPHANUM SYRMATICUS ELLIOTI SYRMATICUS HUMIAE SYRMATICUS MIKADO TETRAOGALLUS CASPIUS TETRAOGALLUS TIBETANUS TRAGOPAN BLYTHII TRAGOPAN CABOTI TRAGOPAN MELANOCEPHALUS (APD2)ARGUSIANUS ARGUS CYRTONYX MONTEZUMAE MEARNSI -106 CYRTONYX MONTEZUMAE MONTEZUMAE FRANCOLINUS OCHROPECTUS FRANCOLINUS SWIERSTRAI GALLUS SONNERATII ITHAGINIS CRUENTUS PAVO MUTICUS POLYPLECTRON BICALCARATUM POLYPLECTRON GERMAINI POLYPLECTRON MALACENSE

GRUIFORMES

TURNICIDAE (APD2)TURNIX MELANOGASTER

PEDIONOMIDAE (APD2)PEDIONOMUS TORQUATUS

GRUIDAE (APD1)GRUS AMERICANA GRUS CANADENSIS NESIOTES GRUS CANADENSIS PULLA GRUS JAPONENSIS GRUS LEUCOGERANUS GRUS MONACHA GRUS NIGRICOLLIS GRUS VIPIO (APD2)BALEARICA REGULORUM GRUS CANADENSIS PRATENSIS

RALLIDAE (APD1)TRICHOLIMNAS SYLVESTRIS (APD2)GALLIRALLUS AUSTRALIS HECTORI

RNYNOCHETIDAE (APD1)RHYNOCHETOS JUBATUS

OTIDIDAE (APD1)CHLAMYDOTIS UNDULATA CHORIOTIS NIGRICEPS EUPODOTIS BENGALENSIS (APD2)OTIS TARDA

CHARADRIIFORMES

SCOLOPACIDAE (APD1)NUMENIUS BOREALIS TRINGA GUTTIFER (APD2)NUMENIUS MINUTUS NUMENIUS TENUIROSTRIS

LARIDAE (APD1)LARUS RELICTUS (APD2)LARUS BRUNNICEPHALUS

COLUMBIFORMES

COLUMBIDAE (APD1)CALOENAS NICOBARICA DUCULA MINDORENSIS (APD2)GALLICOLUMBA LUZONICA GOURA CRISTATA GOURA SCHEEPMAKERI GOURA VICTORIA

PSITTACIFORMES

PSITTACIDAE (APD1)AMAZONA GUILDINGII AMAZONA IMPERIALIS AMAZONA LEUCOCEPHALA AMAZONA PRETREI PRETREI AMAZONA RHODOCORYTHA AMAZONA VERSICOLOR AMAZONA VINACEA AMAZONA VITTATA ANODORHYNCHUS GLAUCUS ANODORHYNCHUS LEARI ARATINGA GUARUBA CYANOPSITTA SPIXII CYANORAMPHUS AURICEPS FORBESI CYANORAMPHUS NOVAEZELANDIAE GEOPSITTACUS OCCIDENTALIS P.E. NEOPHEMA CHRYSOGASTER PEZOPORUS WALLICUS PIONOPSITTA PILEATA PSEPHOTUS CHRYSOPTERYGIUS PSEPHOTUS PULCHERRIMUS P.E. PSITTACULA KRAMERI ECHO PSITTACUS ERITHACUS PRINCEPS PYRRHURA CRUENTATA RHYNCHOPSITTA PACHYRHYNCHA STRIGOPS HABROPTILUS (APD2)CACATUA (KAKATOE) TENUIROSTRIS CALYPTORHYNCHUS LATHAMI CORACOPSIS NIGRA BARKLYI CYANOLISEUS PATAGONUS BYRONI CYANORAMPHUS MALHERBI CYANORAMPHUS UNICOLOR EUNYMPHICUS CORNUTUS NEOPHEMA SPLENDIDA OPOPSITTA DIOPHTHALMA COXENI POICEPHALUS ROBUSTUS POLYTELIS ALEXANDRAE PROBOSCIGER ATERRIMUS PROSOPEIA PERSONATA PSEPHOTUS (NORTHIELLA) HAEMATOGASTER NARETHAE TANYGNATHUS LUCIONENSIS

CUCULIFORMES

MUSOPHAGIDAE (APD2)GALLIREX PORPHYREOLOPHUS TAURACO CORYTHAIX

STRIGIFORMES (APD2)STRIGIFORMES SPP. *

TYTONIDAE (APD1)TYTO SOUMAGNEI

STRIGIDAE (APD1)ATHENE BLEWITTI NINOX NOVAESEELANDIAE ROYANA NINOX SQUAMIPILA NATALIS OTUS GURNEYI

APODIFORMES

TROCHILIDAE (APD1)RAMPHODON DOHRNII

TROGONIFORMES

TROGONIDAE (APD1)PHAROMACHRUS MOCINNO COSTARICENSIS PHAROMACHRUS MOCINNO MOCINNO

CORACIIFORMES

BUCEROTIDAE (APD1)BUCEROS BICORNIS HOMRAI RHINOPLAX VIGIL (APD2)ACEROS NARCONDAMI BUCEROS BICORNIS * BUCEROS HYDROCORAX HYDROCORAX BUCEROS RHINOCEROS RHINOCEROS

PICIFORMES

PICIDAE (APD1)CAMPEPHILUS IMPERIALIS DRYOCOPUS JAVENSIS RICHARDSI (APD2)PICUS SQUAMATUS FLAVIROSTRIS

PASSERIFORMES

PITTIDAE (APD1)PITTA KOCHI (APD2)PITTA BRACHYURA NYMPHA

COTINGIDAE (APD1)COTINGA MACULATA XIPHOLENA ATROPURPUREA (APD2)RUPICOLA PERUVIANA RUPICOLA RUPICOLA

ATRICHORNITHIDAE (APD1)ATRICHORNIS CLAMOSA

HIRUNDINIDAE (APD2)PSEUDOCHELIDON SIRINTARAE

MUSCICAPIDAE (APD1)DASYORNIS BRACHYPTERUS LONGIROSTRIS DASYORNIS BROADBENTI LITTORALIS P.E. PICATHARTES GYMNOCEPHALUS PICATHARTES OREAS (APD2)MUSCICAPA RUECKI PSOPHODES NIGROGULARIS

ZOSTEROPIDAE (APD1)ZOSTEROPS ALBOGULARIS

MELIPHAGIDAE (APD1)MELIPHAGA CASSIDIX

FRINGILLIDAE (APD1)SPINUS CUCULLATUS (APD2)SPINUS YARRELLII

ESTRILDIDAE (APD2)EMBLEMA OCULATA

STURNIDAE (APD1)LEUCOPSAR ROTHSCHILDI

PARADISAEIDAE (APD2)PARADISAEIDAE SPP.

REPTILIA

TESTUDINATA

EMYDIDAE (APD1)BATAGUR BASKA GEOCLEMYS (=DAMONIA) HAMILTONII GEOEMYDA (=NICORIA) TRICARINATA KACHUGA TECTA TECTA MORENIA OCELLATA TERRAPENE COAHUILA (APD2)CLEMMYS MUHLENBERGI

TESTUDINIDAE (APD1)GEOCHELONE (=TESTUDO) ELEPHANTOPUS GEOCHELONE (=TESTUDO) RADIATA GEOCHELONE (=TESTUDO) YNIPHORA GOPHERUS FLAVOMARGINATUS PSAMMOBATES GEOMETRICA (APD2)TESTUDINIDAE SPP. *

CHELONIIDAE (APD1)CARETTA CARETTA CHELONIA MYDAS ** -107 ERETMOCHELYS IMBRICATA LEPIDOCHELYS KEMPII LEPIDOCHELYS OLIVACEA (APD2)CHELONIIDAE SPP. *

DERMOCHELYIDAE (APD1)DERMOCHELYS CORIACEA

TRIONYCHIDAE (APD1)LISSEMYS PUNCTATA PUNCTATA TRIONYX ATER TRIONYX GANGETICUS TRIONYX HURUM TRIONYX NIGRICANS

PELOMEDUSIDAE (APD2)PODOCNEMIS SPP.

CHELIDAE (APD1)PSEUDEMYDURA UMBRINA

CROCODYLIA

ALLIGATORIDAE (APD1)ALLIGATOR SINENSIS CAIMAN CROCODILUS APAPORIENSIS CAIMAN LATIROSTRIS MELANOSUCHUS NIGER (APD2)ALLIGATORIDAE SPP. *

CROCODYLIDAE (APD1)CROCODYLUS ACUTUS ** +210 CROCODYLUS CATAPHRACTUS CROCODYLUS INTERMEDIUS CROCODYLUS MORELETII CROCODYLUS NILOTICUS CROCODYLUS NOVAEGUINEAE MINDORENSIS CROCODYLUS PALUSTRIS CROCODYLUS POROSUS ** -108 CROCODYLUS RHOMBIFER CROCODYLUS SIAMENSIS OSTEOLAEMUS TETRASPIS TOMISTOMA SCHLEGELII (APD2)CROCODYLIDAE SPP. *

GAVIALIDAE (APD1)GAVIALIS GANGETICUS

RHYNCHOCEPHALIA

SPHENODONTIDAE (APD1)SPHENODON PUNCTATUS

SAURIA

GEKKONIDAE (APD2)CYRTODACTYLUS SERPENSINSULA PHELSUMA SPP.

PYGOPODIDAE (APD2)PARADELMA ORIENTALIS

AGAMIDAE (APD2)UROMASTYX SPP.

CHAMAELEONIDAE (APD2)CHAMAELEO SPP.

IGUANIDAE (APD2)AMBLYRHYNCHUS CRISTATUS CONOLOPHUS SPP. CYCLURA SPP. IGUANA SPP. PHRYNOSOMA CORONATUM BLAINVILLEI

TEIIDAE (APD2)CNEMIDOPHORUS HYPERYTHRUS CROCODILURUS LACERTINUS DRACAENA GUIANENSIS TUPINAMBIS SPP.

HELODERMATIDAE (APD2)HELODERMA SPP.

VARANIDAE (APD1)VARANUS BENGALENSIS VARANUS FLAVESCENS VARANUS GRISEUS VARANUS KOMODOENSIS (APD2)VARANUS SPP. *

SERPENTES

BOIDAE (APD1)ACRANTOPHIS SPP. BOLYERIA SPP. CASAREA SPP. EPICRATES INORNATUS EPICRATES SUBFLAVUS PYTHON MOLURUS MOLURUS SANZINIA MADAGASCARIENSIS (APD2)BOIDAE SPP. *

COLUBRIDAE (APD2)CYCLAGRAS GIGAS ELACHISTODON WESTERMANNI PSEUDOBOA CLOELIA THAMNOPHIS ELEGANS HAMMONDI

AMPHIBIA

URODELA

CRYPTOBRANCHIDAE (APD1)ANDRIAS (=MEGALOBATRACHUS) DAVIDIANUS ANDRIAS (=MEGALOBATRACHUS) JAPONICUS

AMBYSTOMIDAE (APD2)AMBYSTOMA DUMERILII AMBYSTOMA LERMAENSIS AMBYSTOMA MEXICANUM

SALIENTIA

BUFONIDAE (APD1)BUFO PERIGLENES BUFO SUPERCILIARIS NECTOPHRYNOIDES SPP. (APD2)BUFO RETIFORMIS

ATELOPODIDAE (APD1)ATELOPUS VARIUS ZETEKI

PISCES

ACIPENSERIFORMES

ACIPENSERIDAE (APD1)ACIPENSER BREVIROSTRUM (APD2)ACIPENSER FULVESCENS ACIPENSER OXYRHYNCHUS ACIPENSER STURIO

OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES

OSTEOGLOSSIDAE (APD1)SCLEROPAGES FORMOSUS (APD2)ARAPAIMA GIGAS

SALMONIFORMES

SALMONIDAE (APD1)COREGONUS ALPENAE (APD2)SALMO CHRYSOGASTER STENODUS LEUCICHTHYS LEUCICHTHYS

CYPRINIFORMES

CATOSTOMIDAE (APD1)CHASMISTES CUJUS

CYPRINIDAE (APD1)PROBARBUS JULLIENI (APD2)PLAGOPTERUS ARGENTISSIMUS PTYCHOCHEILUS LUCIUS

SILURIFORMES

SCHILBEIDAE (APD1)PANGASIANODON GIGAS

ATHERINIFORMES

CYPRINODONTIDAE (APD2)CYNOLEBIAS CONSTANCIAE CYNOLEBIAS MARMORATUS CYNOLEBIAS MINIMUS CYNOLEBIAS OPALESCENS CYNOLEBIAS SPLENDENS

POECILIIDAE (APD2)XIPHOPHORUS COUCHIANUS

PERCIFORMES

PERCIDAE (APD1)STIZOSTEDION VITREUM GLAUCUM

SCIAENIDAE (APD1)CYNOSCION MACDONALDI

COELACANTHIFORMES

COELACANTHIDAE (APD2)LATIMERIA CHALUMNAE

CERATODIFORMES

CERATODIDAE (APD2)NEOCERATODUS FORSTERI

MOLLUSCA

ANISOMYARIA

MYTILIDAE (APD2)MYTILUS CHORUS

NAIADOIDA

UNIONIDAE (APD1)CONRADILLA CAELATA DROMUS DROMAS EPIOBLASMA (=DYSNOMIA) FLORENTINA CURTISI EPIOBLASMA (=DYSNOMIA) FLORENTINA FLORENTINA EPIOBLASMA (=DYSNOMIA) SAMPSONI EPIOBLASMA (=DYSNOMIA) SULCATA PEROBLIQUA EPIOBLASMA (=DYSNOMIA) TORULOSA GUBERNACULUM EPIOBLASMA (=DYSNOMIA) TORULOSA TORULOSA EPIOBLASMA (=DYSNOMIA) TURGIDULA EPIOBLASMA (=DYSNOMIA) WALKERI FUSCONAIA CUNEOLUS FUSCONAIA EDGARIANA LAMPSILIS HIGGINSI LAMPSILIS ORBICULATA ORBICULATA LAMPSILIS SATURA LAMPSILIS VIRESCENS PLETHOBASIS CICATRICOSUS PLETHOBASIS COOPERIANUS PLEUROBEMA PLENUM POTAMILUS (=PROPTERA) CAPAX QUADRULA INTERMEDIA QUADRULA SPARSA TOXOLASMA (=CARUNCULINA) CYLINDRELLA UNIO (MEGALONAIAS/?/) NICKLINIANA UNIO (LAMPSILIS/?/) TAMPICOENSIS TECOMATENSIS VILLOSA (=MICROMYA) TRABALIS (APD2)CYPROGENIA ABERTI EPIOBLASMA (=DYSNOMIA) TORULOSA RANGIANA FUSCONAIA SUBROTUNDA LAMPSILIS BREVICULA LEXINGTONIA DOLABELLOIDES PLEOROBEMA CLAVA

STYLOMMATOPHORA

CAMAENIDAE (APD2)PAPUSTYLA (=PAPUINA) PULCHERRIMA

PARAPHANTIDAE (APD2)PARAPHANTA SPP. +211

PROSOBRANCHIA

HYDROBIIDAE (APD2)COAHUILIX HUBBSI COCHLIOPINA MILLERI DURANGONELLA COAHUILAE MEXIPYRGUS CARRANZAE MEXIPYRGUS CHURINCEANUS MEXIPYRGUS ESCOBEDAE MEXIPYRGUS LUGOI MEXIPYRGUS MOJARRALIS MEXIPYRGUS MULTILINEATUS MEXITHAUMA QUADRIPALUDIUM NYMPHOPHILUS MINCKLEYI PALUDISCALA CARAMBA

INSECTA

LEPIDOPTERA

PAPILIONIDAE (APD2)ORNITHOPTERA SPP. (SENSU D'ABRERA) PARNASSIUS APOLLO TROGONOPTERA SPP. (SENSU D'ABRERA) TROIDES SPP. (SENSU D'ABRERA)

FLORA

APOCYNACEAE (APD2)PACHYPODIUM SPP.

ARACEAE (APD1)ALOCASIA SANDERANA ALOCASIA ZEBRINA

ARALIACEAE (APD2)PANAX QUINQUEFOLIUS >1

ARAUCARIACEAE (APD1)ARAUCARIA ARAUCANA ** +212 (APD2)ARAUCARIA ARAUCANA * -109 >2

ASCLEPIADACEAE (APD2)CEROPEGIA SPP. FREREA INDICA

BYBLIDACEAE (APD2)BYBLIS SPP.

CACTACEAE (APD2)CACTACEAE SPP. +213 RHIPSALIS SPP.

CARYOCARACEAE (APD1)CARYOCAR COSTARICENSE

CARYOPHYLLACEAE (APD1)GYMNOCARPOS PRZEWALSKII MELANDRIUM MONGOLICUS SILENE MONGOLICA STELLARIA PULVINATA

CEPHALOTACEAE (APD2)CEPHALOTUS FOLLICULARIS

CHLOANTHACEAE (APD2)CHLOANTHACEAE SPP. +214

COMPOSITAE (APD2)SAUSSUREA LAPPA >1

CUPRESSACEAE (APD1)FITZROYA CUPRESSOIDES PILGERODENDRON UVIFERUM

CYATHEACEAE (APD2)CYATHEACEAE SPP. >3

CYCADACEAE (APD1)MICROCYCAS CALOCOMA (APD2)CYCADACEAE SPP. *

DICKSONIACEAE (APD2)DICKSONIACEAE SPP. >3

DIDIEREACEAE (APD2)DIDIEREACEAE SPP.

DIOSCOREACEAE (APD2)DIOSCOREA DELTOIDEA >1

EUPHORBIACEAE (APD2)EUPHORBIA SPP. -110

FAGACEAE (APD2)QUERCUS COPEYENSIS >2

GENTIANACEAE (APD1)PREPUSA HOOKERIANA

HAEMODORACEAE (APD2)ANIGOZANTHOS SPP. MACROPIDIA FULIGINOSA

HUMIRIACEAE (APD1)VANTANEA BARBOURII

JUGLANDACEAE (APD1)ENGELHARDTIA PTEROCARPA

LEGUMINOSAE (APD1)AMMOPIPTANTHUS MONGOLICUM CYNOMETRA HEMITOMOPHYLLA PLATYMISCIUM PLEIOSTACHYUM TACHIGALIA VERSICOLOR (APD2)THERMOPSIS MONGOLICA

LILIACEAE (APD1)ALOE ALBIDA ALOE PILLANSII ALOE POLYPHYLLA ALOE THORNCROPFTII ALOE VOSSII (APD2)ALOE SPP. *

MELASTOMATACEAE (APD1)LAVOISIERA ITAMBANA

MELIACEAE (APD1)GUAREA LONGIPETIOLA (APD2)SWIETENIA HUMILIS >2

MORACEAE (APD1)BATOCARPUS COSTARICENSIS

MYRTACEAE (APD2)VERTICORDIA SPP.

ORCHIDACEAE (APD1)CATTLEYA SKINNERI CATTLEYA TRIANAE DIDICIEA CUNNINGHAMII LAELIA JONGHEANA LAELIA LOBATA LYCASTE VIRGINALIS VAR. ALBA PERISTERIA ELATA RENANTHERA IMSCHOOTIANA VANDA COERULEA (APD2)ORCHIDACEAE SPP. *

PALMAE (APD2)ARECA IPOT CHRYSALIDOCARPUS DECIPIENS CHRYSALIDOCARPUS LUTESCENS NEODYPSIS DECARYI PHOENIX HANCEANA VAR. PHILIPPINENSIS ZALACCA CLEMENSIANA

PINACEAE (APD1)ABIES GUATEMALENSIS ABIES NEBRODENSIS

PODOCARPACEAE (APD1)PODOCARPUS COSTALIS PODOCARPUS PARLATOREI

PORTULACACEAE (APD2)ANACAMPSEROS SPP.

PRIMULACEAE (APD2)CYCLAMEN SPP.

PROTEACEAE (APD1)OROTHAMNUS ZEYHERI PROTEA ODORATA (APD2)BANKSIA SPP. CONOSPERMUM SPP. DRYANDRA FORMOSA DRYANDRA POLYCEPHALA XYLOMELUM SPP.

RUBIACEAE (APD1)BALMEA STORMAE

RUTACEAE (APD2)BORONIA SPP. CROWEA SPP. GELEZNOWIA VERRUCOSA

SAXIFRAGACEAE (GROSSULARIACEAE) (APD1)RIBES SARDOUM

SOLANACEAE (APD2)SOLANUM SYLVESTRE

STANGERIACEAE (APD1)STANGERIA ERIOPUS (APD2)STANGERIACEAE SPP. *

STERCULIACEAE (APD2)BASILOXYLON EXCELSUM >2

THYMELAEACEAE (APD2)PIMELEA PHYSODES

ULMACEAE (APD1)CELTIS AETNENSIS

VERBENACEAE (APD2)CARYOPTERIS MONGOLICA

WELWITSCHIACEAE (APD1)WELWITSCHIA BAINESII (APD2)WELWITSCHIACEAE SPP. *

ZAMIACEAE (APD1)ENCEPHALARTOS SPP. (APD2)ZAMIACEAE SPP. *

ZINGIBERACEAE (APD1)HEDYCHIUM PHILIPPINENSE

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE (APD2)GUAIACUM SANCTUM >2

APPENDIX III

INTERPRETATION:

1. SPECIES INCLUDED IN THIS APPENDIX ARE REFERRED TO: A) BY THE NAME OF THE SPECIES; OR B) AS BEING ALL OF THE SPECIES INCLUDED IN A HIGHER TAXON OR DESIGNATED PART THEREOF.

2. THE ABBREVIATION "SPP." IS USED TO DENOTE ALL SPECIES OF A HIGHER TAXON.

3. OTHER REFERENCES TO TAXA HIGHER THAN SPECIES ARE FOR THE PURPOSE OF INFORMATION OR CLASSIFICATION ONLY.

4. AN ASTERISK (*) PLACED AGAINST THE NAME OF A SPECIES OR HIGHER TAXON INDICATES THAT ONE OR MORE GEOGRAPHICALLY SEPARATE POPULATIONS, SUBSPECIES OR SPECIES OF THAT SPECIES OR TAXON ARE INCLUDED IN APPENDIX I AND THAT THESE POPULATIONS, SUBSPECIES OR SPECIES ARE EXCLUDED FROM APPENDIX III.

5. TWO ASTERISKS (**) PLACED AGAINST THE NAME OF A SPECIES OR HIGHER TAXON INDICATE THAT ONE OR MORE GEOGRAPHICALLY SEPARATE POPULATIONS, SUBSPECIES OR SPECIES OF THAT SPECIES OR TAXON ARE INCLUDED IN APPENDIX II AND THAT THESE POPULATIONS, SUBSPECIES OR SPECIES ARE EXCLUDED FROM APPENDIX III.

6. THE NAME OF THE COUNTRIES PLACED AGAINST THE NAMES OF SPECIES OR OTHER TAXA ARE THOSE OF THE PARTIES SUBMITTING THESE SPECIES OR TAXA FOR INCLUSION IN THIS APPENDIX.

7. ANY ANIMAL OR PLANT, WHETHER LIVE OR DEAD, OF A SPECIES OR OTHER TAXON LISTED IN THIS APPENDIX, IS COVERED BY THE PROVISIONS OF THE CONVENTION, AS IS ANY READILY RECOGNIZABLE PART OR DERIVATIVE THEREOF.

FAUNA

MAMMALIA

CHIROPTERA

PHYLLOSTOMATIDAE VAMPYROPS LINEATUS URUGUAY

EDENTATA

BRADYPODIDAE BRADYPUS GRISEUS CHOLOEPUS HOFFMANNI COSTA RICA COSTA RICA

DASYPODIDAE CABASSOUS CENTRALIS CABASSOUS GYMNURUS (TATOUAY) COSTA RICA URUGUAY

PHOLIDOTA

MANIDAE MANIS GIGANTEA MANIS LONGICAUDATA MANIS TRICUSPIS GHANA GHANA GHANA

RODENTIA

SCIURIDAE EPIXERUS EBII SCIURUS DEPPEI GHANA COSTA RICA

ANOMALURIDAE ANOMALURUS SPP. IDIURUS SPP. GHANA GHANA

HYSTRICIDAE HYSTRIX SPP. GHANA

ERETHIZONTIDAE COENDOU SPINOSUS URUGUAY

CARNIVORA

CANIDAE FENNECUS ZERDA TUNISIA

PROCYONIDAE BASSARICYON GABBII BASSARISCUS SUMICHRASTI NASUA NASUA SOLITARIA COSTA RICA COSTA RICA URUGUAY

MUSTELIDAE GALICTIS ALLAMANDI MELLIVORA CAPENSIS COSTA RICA GHANA, BOTSWANA

VIVERRIDAE VIVERRA CIVETTA BOTSWANA

HYAENIDAE PROTELES CRISTATUS BOTSWANA

PINNIPEDIA

ODOBENIDAE ODOBENUS ROSMARUS CANADA

ARTIODACTYLA

HIPPOPOTAMIDAE HIPPOPOTAMUS AMPHIBIUS GHANA

TRAGULIDAE HYEMOSCHUS AQUATICUS GHANA

CERVIDAE CERVUS ELAPHUS BARBARUS TUNISIA

BOVIDAE AMMOTRAGUS LERVIA ANTILOPE CERVICAPRA BOOCERCUS (TAUROTRAGUS) EURYCEROS BUBALUS BUBALIS DAMALISCUS LUNATUS GAZELLA DORCAS GAZELLA GAZELLA CUVIERI GAZELLA LEPTOCEROS HIPPOTRAGUS EQUINUS TETRACERUS QUADRICORNIS TRAGELAPHUS SPEKEI TUNISIA NEPAL GHANA NEPAL GHANA TUNISIA TUNISIA TUNISIA GHANA NEPAL GHANA

AVES

RHEIFORMES

RHEIDAE RHEA AMERICANA ** ORUGUAY

CICONIIFORMES

ARDEIDAE ARDEA GOLIATH BUBULCUS IBIS CASMERODIUS ALBUS EGRETTA GARZETTA GHANA GHANA GHANA GHANA

CICONIIDAE EPHIPPIORHYNCHUS SENEGALENSIS LEPTOPTILOS CRUMENIFERUS GHANA GHANA

THRESKIORNITHIDAE HAGEDASHIA HAGEDASH LAMPRIBIS RARA THRESKIORNIS AETHIOPICA GHANA GHANA GHANA

ANSERIFORMES

ANATIDAE ANATIDAE SPP. * ** GHANA

GALLIFORMES

CRACIDAE CRAX RUBRA COSTA RICA

PHASIANIDAE AGELASTES MELEAGRIDES TRAGOPAN SATYRA GHANA NEPAL

COLUMBIFORMES

COLUMBIDAE COLUMBIDAE SPP. * ** NESOENAS MAYERI GHANA MAURITIUS

PSITTACIFORMES

PSITTACIDAE PSITTACIDAE SPP. * ** ARA AMBIGUA ARA MACAO GHANA COSTA RICA COSTA RICA

CUCULIFORMES

MUSOPHAGIDAE MUSOPHAGIDAE SPP. ** GHANA

PASSERIFORMES

MUSCICAPIDAE BEBRORNIS RODERICANUS TCHITREA (TERPSIPHONE) BOURBONNENSIS MAURITIUS MAURITIUS

EMBERIZIDAE GUBERNATRIX CRISTATA URUGUAY

ICTERIDAE XANTHOPSAR FLAVUS URUGUAY

FRINGILLIDAE FRINGILLIDAE SPP. * ** GHANA

PLOCEIDAE PLOCEIDAE SPP. GHANA

REPTILIA

TESTUDINATA

TRIONYCHIDAE TRIONYX TRIUNGUIS GHANA

PELOMEDUSIDAE PELOMEDUSA SUBRUFA PELUSIOS SPP. GHANA GHANA

FLORA

GNETACEAE GNETUM MONTANUM NEPAL

MAGNIOLIACEAE TALAUMA HODGSONII NEPAL

PAPAVERACEAE MECONOPSIS REGIA NEPAL

PODOCARPACEAE PODOCARPUS NERIFOLIUS NEPAL

TETRACENTRACEAE TETRACENTRON SPP. NEPAL

APPENDIX IV

CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA  EXPORT PERMIT NO. .....  EXPORTING COUNTRY:  VALID UNTIL: (DATE)  THIS PERMIT IS ISSUED TO: ..... ADDRESS: ..... WHO DECLARES THAT HE IS AWARE OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE CONVENTION, FOR THE PURPOSE OF EXPORTING: (SPECIMEN(S), OR PART(S) OR DERIVATIVE(S) OF SPECIMEN(S)) *1 OF A SPECIES LISTED IN APPENDIX I) APPENDIX II) APPENDIX III OF THE CONVENTION AS SPECIFIED BELOW.) *2 (BRED IN CAPTIVITY OR CULTIVATED IN .....) *2  THIS(THESE) SPECIMEN(S) IS(ARE) CONSIGNED TO: ..... ADDRESS: ..... COUNTRY: ..... AT ..... ON ..... (SIGNATURE OF THE APPLICANT FOR THE PERMIT) AT ..... ON ..... (STAMP AND SIGNATURE OF THE MANAGMENENT AUTHORITY ISSUING THE EXPORT PERMIT)  *1 INDICATE THE TYPE OF PRODUCT  *2 DELETE IF NOT APPLICABLE  DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIMEN(S) OR PART(S) OR DERIVATIVE(S) OF SPECIMEN(S), INCLUDING ANY MARK(S) AFFIXED:  LIVING SPECIMENS  SPECIES(SCIENTIFIC AND COMMON NAME)  NUMBER  SEX  SIZE(OR VOLUME)  MARK(IF ANY)  PARTS OR DERIVATIVES  SPECIES(SCIENTIFIC AND COMMON NAME)  QUANTITY  TYPE OF GOODS  MARK(IF ANY)  STAMPS OF THE AUTHORITIES INSPECTING:  (A) ON EXPORTATION  (B) ON IMPORTATION *  * THIS STAMP VOIDS THIS PERMIT FOR FURTHER TRADE PURPOSES, AND THIS PERMIT SHALL BE SURRENDERED TO THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY.