(1) Recommendations on Policy Content of Japan’s Recommendations Based on Evaluation ResultsEducation Cooperation(2) Recommendations on Policy Formulation and Implementation Process of Japan’s Education CooperationAnnual Report on Japan’s ODA Evaluation 202216his gratitude for Japan’s cooperation in the education sector where an educational initiative named after Japan has been implemented. Another example is that there are education projects that have strengthened international and regional networks of education cooperation and led to strengthened intra-regional cooperation in regions such as ASEAN, Central America, and Africa. Thus, diplomatic spillover effects created by education cooperation are believed to have emerged. Prioritizing important areas of a new policy should be considered as it will likely need to provide a variety of education cooperation in line with international trends. The implementation period of the next education cooperation policy and its targets should be set and incorporated into the policy in order to be accountable to the public and to share information with concerned parties. The policy needs to include the following five points. 1. The purpose of cooperation and the target fields should be stated separately as much as possible. 2. Effectiveness of cooperation should be enhanced by maintaining and strengthening cooperation with other actors and businesses closely related to a project, leveraging the accumulated outcomes of previous cooperation, ensuring the use of trained personnel, and not only creating new mechanisms but also utilizing existing systems. 3. A monitoring system tailored to the actual conditions of the partner country should be established. 4. Long-term relationships of trust with partner countries should be established. 5. Networking approaches, cooperation with multilateral and bilateral donor agencies, a variety of assistance modalities including financial support, should be maintained to implement cooperation flexibly to meet local needs.Online school visit by the evaluation team (Madagascar) Existing forums where stakeholders such as related ministries, JICA, universities, international organizations, NGOs, and private companies can meet and discuss the formulation of an education cooperation policy in an open and transparent manner, should effectively be utilized. The implementation progress of this policy should be monitored by further utilizing platforms such as the “Japan International Education Cooperation Groups Meetings,” etc. In addition, a third-party evaluation of the policy implementation should be conducted at an appropriate time to draw recommendations and reflect them in a new policy. For this purpose, the policy implementation period and policy targets to be achieved need to be determined and set forth. Knowledge and cooperation from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) are essential in formulating, executing and evaluating projects to implement an education cooperation policy more effectively and efficiently. For example, holding periodic meetings with three parties, MOFA, MEXT, and JICA which is an ODA implementing agency, should be considered. As for public relations concerning the policy, Japan should take opportunities to announce this policy by Japanese leaders to the international community. ODA implementing authorities, including within MOFA, Japan’s overseas establishments, and JICA should also be continuously informed of this policy. Relevant information on the “diplomatic importance and impact” of education cooperation policy should be kept and collected in order to enrich evaluations in this area, during the period of an individual education project and at the time of monitoring and evaluation. The collected information should then be reported.
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