(3) Appropriateness of Processes(2) Diplomatic Impact(1) Enhancing the Strategic Nature of Development ● Diplomatic Viewpoints(1) Diplomatic ImportanceCooperationThe priority areas for development set out in Japan’s Recommendations Based on Evaluation ResultsUnsatisfactory = D(2) Strengthening Partnerships through Support for Brazil’s Transition from a Recipient to a Donor Based on Triangular CooperationBrazil believes that its geopolitical role in the Latin American region and its ability to cooperate with less developed countries will allow it to play a unique role among developed-country donors and strengthen equal partnerships. In the future, Japan should position triangular cooperation at the core of its assistance to Brazil and seek out as well as build new forms of cooperation aimed at strengthening partnerships through support for Brazil’s transition from a recipient country to a donor country in Latin America.(3) Enhanced Dialogue among Countries Involved in Triangular CooperationIn order to make more effective use of the triangular cooperation framework as a priority area for Japan’s ODA, an overall policy for the program should be formulated and a mechanism considered for incorporating it into individual projects. Also, a system should be established for regular and continuous monitoring and evaluation among the three countries, including the beneficiary country.(4) Promotion of the Resolution of Social Issues through Public-Private PartnershipsJapan should pursue active and crosscutting involvement in existing frameworks for government-private sector dialogue and cooperation between Japan and Brazil and apply new Brazilian technologies that do not exist in Japan to needs in Brazil. This can be expected to promote human resource development, efficiency improvements at manufacturing sites, the construction and improvement of the elimination of disparities, as well as to contribute greatly to the resolution of social issues and development of business in areas covered by the SDGs.Annual Report on Japanʼs ODA Evaluation 202110* Ratings: Highly Satisfactory = A; Satisfactory = B; Partially Unsatisfactory = C; Japan’s Country Development Cooperation Policy for Brazil was formulated based on appropriate consultations between officials from both countries, and the Rolling Plan is updated every year. In terms of the implementation process, the establishment of implementation structures, the assessment of needs, the implementation of individual projects based on priority areas of support for Brazil, monitoring, and publicity are all conducted appropriately. (Evaluation Result: Satisfactory = B)There have been continual visits by key figures from both Japan and Brazil since 2009. Japan has also made efforts to strengthen economic relations with Latin America due to the region’s potential as a production/export base, major resource supply area, and promising market in the global economy. Japan has been pursuing stronger ties in line with the three guiding principles for policy toward Latin America—Joint Progress (strengthening of economic relations), Joint Leadership (coordination in the international community), and Joint Inspiration (promotion of human interaction and cultural/athletic exchanges)—since 2014 and with the three “Enhanced Connectivities” with Latin America (economy, values, and wisdom) since 2019. Japan and Brazil have also coordinated and cooperated on many shared international issues including the environment and climate change, disarmament and nonproliferation, UN Security Council reforms, North Korea, and the South China Sea and East China Sea. For these reasons, ODA to Brazil is diplomatically important.Japan and Brazil have a record of continuous and active exchange, and there are many cases in which Japan’s support has contributed to the promotion of amicable relations between the two countries. Brazil has also become remarkably active in the international community through involvement in areas such as UN Security Council reforms, trade, the environment, and disarmament and nonproliferation. Japan is therefore endeavoring to build cooperative ties with Brazil. In terms of the UN Security Council reforms in particular, close cooperative ties between the two countries are crucial for realizing the reforms due to their shared position as candidates for permanent membership on the Council. Furthermore, as an indicator of stronger economic relations, the number of offices of Japanese enterprises advancing into Brazil is on an upward trend, and ODA is thought to have assisted this advancement.Country Development Cooperation Policy for Brazil are fields in which Japan can make use of its high-level capabilities and expertise, while also leveraging its past track record of cooperation. In terms of policymaking, the relevance of cooperation needs to be assessed from long-term, strategic, and global perspectives in response to policies on the Brazilian side. It is also important to render this policymaking process more visible to the Japanese people. At the same time, Japan should more strategically utilize existing cooperation in areas such as the implementation of ODA loans appropriate for a high-income country, scientific and technical cooperation, vocational training to meet the needs of the digital society, coordination with the “Nikkei” community (Brazilians of Japanese origin), and collaboration with the Brazilian community on initiatives that will benefit both Japan and Brazil, with a focus on inbound tourism and regional development.infrastructure, and Urban area in Brazil(Courtesy of JICA)
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