4 Evaluation from Diplomatic Viewpoints The Development Cooperation Charter (2015) defined development policy as one of the most important tools for pursuing diplomacy proactively. Since then, all MOFA’s ODA evaluations have been conducted from diplomatic viewpoints to measure the impact on Japan’s national interests. This evaluation is used for clarifying the following in order to further fulfill accountability to the public: (1) why ODA is important for Japan’s national interests (diplomatic importance) and (2) how ODA has contributed to Japan’s national interests (diplomatic impact). Since more specific evaluation questions were presented based on external experts’ advice in FY 2018, there were improvements in the evaluation’s quality and volume comparing to the previous year. However, some differences were also seen in each evaluation. Significant diplomatic impacts have been confirmed in several evaluations: improvements in the business environment derived from collaboration between public and private sectors (Indonesia) and fostering of pro-Japan views and enhancement of friendships through close cooperation with JICA experts and volunteers (Costa Rica). Some other countries have also started evaluating from diplomatic viewpoints or conducting similar evaluations gradually. Although a process of trial and error will continue because this evaluation method is yet to be established in the international community, MOFA continues to make efforts to further improve evaluations to obtain the public understanding of ODA.
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